Surveying System Optical Axis Deflection for Rapid Object Tracking
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Solution Overview
Problem
Surveying systems with high-magnification telescopes face difficulties in rapidly rotating and tracking objects due to their narrow field angle and large inertia, leading to inefficient object capture and measurement.
Innovation Solution
A surveying system with a distance measuring light projecting module, a light receiving module, an optical axis deflector, and an arithmetic control module that performs two-dimensional scans to detect deflection angles and control the optical axis deflector for high-speed object search and tracking, using rotatable optical prisms and motors to adjust the distance measuring optical axis.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If a high-magnification telescope is used for distance measurement, then measurement precision is improved, but the field angle becomes narrow and the telescope inertia increases, making rapid rotation and object capture difficult
Solution Approach 1:
The system divides the optical path into two independent channels: a narrow-field high-magnification telescope for precise distance measurement and a wide-field imaging camera for rapid object search and tracking. This segmentation allows each component to optimize for its specific function without compromise
Solution Approach 2:
The imaging camera acts as an intermediary between the operator and the high-magnification telescope. The camera first locates and tracks the object, then guides the telescope to the correct position, mediating the transition from wide-area search to precise measurement
2Measurement precision
If a high-magnification telescope with narrow field angle is used, then measurement precision is improved, but the time required to search and capture objects goes out of visual field increases
Solution Approach 1:
The system separates the search function from the measurement function by using two different optical systems with different field angles, allowing simultaneous wide-area coverage and precise measurement
Solution Approach 2:
The imaging camera performs preliminary object location and tracking before the high-magnification telescope begins measurement, preparing the target position in advance to eliminate search time during measurement
3Stability of the object's composition
If the telescope has large inertia for high magnification, then measurement stability is improved, but the ability to follow up rapid object movement deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The system divides tracking functionality between two components: the imaging camera handles rapid tracking of moving objects with its light weight and fast response, while the high-magnification telescope maintains stable measurement of the tracked position
Solution Approach 2:
The imaging camera continuously monitors object position and provides feedback signals to control the telescope's position, creating a closed-loop tracking system that maintains measurement accuracy while following object movement
4Measurement precision
If the field angle is narrow for high magnification, then measurement precision is improved, but the range of search and tracking deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The system uses two optical systems with different field angles for different functions: the imaging camera provides wide-field coverage for search and tracking, while the high-magnification telescope provides narrow-field precise measurement
Solution Approach 2:
The imaging camera serves multiple functions: wide-area object search, tracking of moving objects, and guidance for the high-magnification telescope, making the system versatile for various measurement scenarios
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables rapid and wide-range object search and tracking, improving measurement workability by maintaining the object within the visual field and reducing the time required for object capture.
Implementation Method 1
an object to be measured having a retro-reflector and a surveying instrument main body for emitting a distance measuring light and performing a measurement of the object to be measured based on a reflected distance measuring light from the retro-reflector
Implementation Method 2
a light receiving module which has a photodetector for receiving the reflected distance measuring light and producing a photodetecting signal
Data Source
AI summary
A surveying system comprises an object to be measured having a retro-reflector and a surveying instrument main body for emitting a distance measuring light and performing a measurement based on a reflected distance measuring light, wherein the surveying instrument main body comprises a distance measuring light projecting module, a photodetector, a measuring unit, an optical axis deflector which has a reference optical axis and deflects a distance measuring optical axis, a projecting direction detecting module which detects a deflection angle and a deflection angle direction of the distance measuring optical axis, and an arithmetic control module, and wherein the arithmetic control module is configured to control the optical axis deflector, to perform a two-dimensional scan with the distance measuring light, to detect the deflection angle direction of the distance measuring light at a moment of detecting a photodetecting signal by the projecting direction detecting module, and to move an approximate center of the two-dimensional scan in the detected deflection angle direction.