Variable Susceptance Coupling for AC Network Power Exchange

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current solutions for connecting two AC voltage networks are complex, cost-intensive, and inefficient, often requiring multiple power converters or complex transformers that introduce harmonic components and have limited dynamics due to mechanical contact limitations.

Innovation Solution

A connecting device utilizing n susceptance elements with continuously variable susceptance values, allowing for controlled active power exchange between AC voltage networks, with each susceptance element having two connections for connecting conductors and capable of behaving like capacitance or inductance based on susceptance value, and optionally using a matching transformer for phase adjustment and isolation.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Power

If two power converters are used to connect AC networks, then power transfer capability is achieved, but device complexity and cost increase significantly

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepower transfer capabilityVSAvoiddevice complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
PowerVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The invention extracts and utilizes the reactive power capability already present in the AC networks themselves, rather than adding separate power converters. By injecting reactive power through the existing network impedance, the system achieves power transfer without requiring additional converter hardware, thus reducing device complexity while maintaining power transfer capability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The invention introduces reactive power injection as an intermediary mechanism to enable active power transfer. Instead of directly connecting AC networks with converters, the system uses reactive power compensation as a mediator that creates the necessary conditions for controlled power flow between networks with different voltage phases.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Ease of operation

If controllable impedances like TCR are used to couple AC networks, then power flow control is achieved, but harmonic components are introduced requiring additional filters

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepower flow controlVSAvoidharmonic components
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The invention converts the typically harmful harmonic currents into a beneficial effect by deliberately injecting reactive power at frequencies that create desired active power flow. The system uses the network's natural impedance characteristics to transform what would be harmful harmonic distortion into useful power transfer control, eliminating the need for separate filtering circuits.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #22Blessing in disguise (Convert harm into benefit)

3Adaptability or versatility

If phase-shift transformer with mechanical contacts is used, then phase shift adjustment is achieved, but dynamic performance is limited by contact life

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvephase shift adjustmentVSAvoiddynamic performance
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSSpeed

Solution Approach 1:

The invention replaces the mechanical contact-based phase-shift transformer with an electronic reactive power injection system. Instead of using mechanical switches to change transformer winding connections, the system uses solid-state power electronics to dynamically adjust reactive power injection, achieving phase shift control without mechanical wear and with significantly improved dynamic response.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

4Power

If susceptance elements with high susceptance values are used, then active power transfer capability is improved, but active power losses increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveactive power transfer capabilityVSAvoidactive power losses
Core Design Contradiction:
PowerVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

The invention dynamically adjusts the susceptance values of the injection elements based on operating conditions. By optimizing the susceptance parameters in real-time, the system achieves maximum active power transfer capability while minimizing active power losses, adapting to changing network conditions and load requirements.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Enables reliable, cost-effective, and efficient active and reactive power management between AC voltage networks with minimal active power losses, allowing for optimal phase offset determination and reduced semiconductor load, thus reducing operating costs and improving controllability.

Implementation Method 1

For Bi>0, the susceptance element behaves like a capacitance

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectCapacitance: Capacitance

Implementation Method 2

for Bi<0, like an inductance

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectInductance: Inductor

Data Source

PatentEP3977580B1Device for connecting two alternating voltage networks and method for operating the device
Publication Date: 2024.02.14 SIEMENS ENERGY GLOBAL GMBH & CO KG
  • EP3977580B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3977580B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3977580B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

The invention relates to a connection device (2) for connecting two n-phase alternating voltage networks (1, 3) of the same frequency. The connection device according to the invention is characterised by n susceptance elements (4-6) each having continuously variable susceptance values, wherein by means of each susceptance element, two connecting conductors (Lij), which are allocated to one another, of the alternating voltage networks can be connected to one another and the effective power exchange between the alternating voltage networks can be controlled by changing the susceptance values in a targeted manner. The invention also relates to a method for operating the connection device according to the invention.