Suction Device Using Swirl Flow to Reduce Pressure Below Critical Threshold
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional suction devices are limited by critical pressure and stagnation points, restricting their ability to achieve high pressure reduction and suction force, especially when dealing with complex surfaces or by-products generated during laser processing.
Innovation Solution
A suction method and device that depressurize a target surface to critical pressure or less by using a pressure reduction chamber and jetting gas at a speed greater than Mach 0.2, forming a swirl flow to reduce central pressure and enhance suction, with specific geometric arrangements between the suction and jetting ports to optimize flow and pressure reduction.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Stress or pressure
If a gas is sucked from a suction port in a conventional suction device, then the suction device can remove by-products, but the pressure of the suction port cannot become lower than the critical pressure (535 hPa), limiting the suction force
Solution Approach 1:
The suction device is divided into multiple suction ports arranged in an array, with each port independently contributing to the overall suction effect. This segmentation allows the system to achieve higher total suction force while maintaining manageable pressure at each individual port, overcoming the critical pressure limitation of single-port designs.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention utilizes pneumatic principles by introducing a gas jet flow that interacts with the suction flow to create a coupled flow field. This pneumatic interaction generates a low-pressure region that enhances the suction effect beyond what conventional suction alone can achieve, allowing pressure reduction below the critical pressure threshold.
2Speed
If a gas is sucked from a suction port, then by-products can be removed, but a stagnation point is generated on the target surface where flow speed becomes zero and pressure increases to near atmospheric pressure, reducing suction effectiveness
Solution Approach 1:
The suction ports are arranged in an asymmetric array pattern rather than a simple symmetric configuration. This asymmetric arrangement, combined with the gas jet flow direction, creates an asymmetric coupled flow field that eliminates stagnation points on the target surface, ensuring uniform high-speed flow across the entire suction area.
Solution Approach 2:
Multiple suction ports are arranged to create a distributed array that copies the suction function across different locations. This array configuration, when combined with the gas jet, replicates the enhanced flow pattern across the entire target surface, eliminating localized stagnation points and ensuring uniform suction effectiveness.
3Ease of operation
If the suction port is kept at a distance from the target surface, then the target does not need to be moved into a chamber, but the suction force is limited by critical pressure
Solution Approach 1:
The invention uses pneumatic coupling between the gas jet and suction flow to extend the effective suction range. The gas jet creates a low-pressure region that couples with the suction ports, allowing effective suction at distances from the target surface without requiring the target to be moved into a sealed chamber, thus maintaining both ease of operation and high suction force.
Solution Approach 2:
The system creates a dynamic coupled flow field where the gas jet flow and suction flow interact and adapt to each other. This dynamic interaction allows the suction effective range to extend beyond the static limitations of conventional suction, maintaining strong suction force at greater distances from the target surface.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach allows for efficient suction and recovery of solid, liquid, and gas products without moving the target into a chamber, achieving higher suction speeds and preventing by-product re-adherence during laser processing, while reducing oxygen partial pressure to prevent combustion.
Implementation Method 1
a swirl flow is formed so as to surround the suction port between the surface of the target and the suction port; and thus a pressure of a central region of the swirl flow from the suction port to the surface of the target is reduced to the critical pressure or less
Implementation Method 2
a pressure of the inside of the pressure reduction chamber is set equal to or less than a critical pressure at which a speed of the gas sucked from the suction port is brought into a critical state
Implementation Method 3
a jet speed of the gas in a jetting port from which the gas is jetted toward the target is set more than a Mach number of 0.2
Data Source
AI summary
An object is to provide a suction method and a suction device which depressurize the pressure of the surface of a target installed in an open system to a critical pressure or less and which thereby can suck it and a laser processing device and a laser processing method using these. In a state where a predetermined operating distance is apart from a target installed in an open system and a suction port, the pressure of an inside of a pressure reduction chamber communicating with the suction port is set equal to or less than a critical pressure at which the speed of a gas sucked from the suction port is brought into a critical state; the jet speed of the gas in a jetting port from which the gas is jetted toward the target is set more than a Mach number of 0.2, the Mach number being obtained by dividing a jet speed of the gas by the sound speed of the gas jetted from the jetting port, the gas is jetted from the jetting port and is sucked by the suction port; a swirl flow is formed so as to surround the suction port between the surface of the target and the suction port; and thus the pressure of a central region of the swirl flow from the suction port to the surface of the target is reduced to the critical pressure or less and suction is performed.