Switchable Broadband Antenna Using Reflection-Factor Control

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current broadband antennas have fixed directional characteristics and are not easily switchable or integrable, failing to meet the requirements of modern communication systems that need adaptable and compact designs.

Innovation Solution

A switchable broadband antenna with four parallel antenna paths, each equipped with a matching circuit, divider circuit, control circuit, and dipole antenna elements, allowing for adjustable polarization and directional characteristics through electronically controllable impedances like PIN diodes, enabling adaptive switching and integration.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Adaptability or versatility

If multiple separate antennas are used to achieve switchable directional characteristics, then the antenna can be adapted to different applications and environments, but the device complexity increases and integration becomes difficult

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveswitchable antenna directional characteristicVSAvoidantenna structure complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent combines multiple dipole antenna elements (at least two) into a single integrated antenna structure that shares common components including the feed point, matching circuit, divider circuit, and control circuit. This merging approach enables switchable directional characteristics between broadside and end-fire modes without requiring multiple separate antennas, thereby reducing device complexity while maintaining adaptability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The integrated antenna structure is designed to perform multiple functions: it can operate in different directional modes (broadside and end-fire), support impedance matching across different configurations, and provide signal division to multiple antenna elements. This multi-functionality is achieved through a single unified structure that replaces what would traditionally require multiple separate antenna systems.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

2Ease of manufacture

If traditional broadband antennas with fixed directional characteristics are used, then the manufacturing is simple, but the antenna cannot be adapted to different applications and environments

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveantenna manufacturing simplicityVSAvoidapplication adaptability
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The patent introduces dynamic switching capability into the antenna structure through electronically controllable impedances that can change the antenna's operational mode. The control circuit can switch between different directional characteristics (broadside and end-fire modes) by adjusting the impedance states, allowing the antenna to adapt to different applications while maintaining a relatively simple integrated structure that is easier to manufacture than multiple separate antennas.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

3Adaptability or versatility

If externally mounted antennas are used to achieve directional switching, then the directional characteristic can be switched between different antennas, but the integration becomes difficult and the device size increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedirectional characteristic switchingVSAvoidintegration ease
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSEase of operation

Solution Approach 1:

The patent integrates multiple antenna elements and their control mechanisms into a single unified antenna structure. The dipole antenna elements, matching circuit, divider circuit, and control circuit are combined into one integrated unit that can be easily mounted and operated, eliminating the need for multiple externally mounted antennas while maintaining directional switching capability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The antenna achieves a broadband frequency response of 4-7 GHz with adjustable characteristics, facilitating easy integration and enhancing operational flexibility and diversity, particularly beneficial for fifth and sixth generation mobile communications and Wi-Fi applications.

Implementation Method 1

the respective matching circuit is configured to establish an impedance match for the input signal between the antenna feed point and the divider circuit

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectImpedance matching: Electrical Impedance Tomography

Implementation Method 2

the divider circuit is further configured to symmetrically divide a signal provided to the input point via the matching circuit and supply it to the respective output point of the divider circuit

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectSignal division:

Implementation Method 3

the control circuit has two electronically controllable impedances, for each of which at least two predetermined reflection factors can be set... different reflection factors are set between the two electronically controllable impedances

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectReflection factor control: Reflection

Data Source

PatentEP4622000A1Switchable broadband antenna
Publication Date: 2025.09.24 SIEMENS AG
  • EP4622000A1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4622000A1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP4622000A1 patent drawingFigure 3A~3D

AI summary

A switchable broadband antenna (ANT) with an antenna feed point (SP) for feeding in an input signal, further comprising four antenna paths (AE) connected in parallel with respect to the antenna feed point, each having a matching circuit (AS), a divider circuit (TS), a control circuit (SS), and a dipole antenna element (DP), wherein two dipole antenna elements are arranged in a first polarization direction, and - the respective matching circuit (AS) is configured to establish an impedance match for the input signal between the antenna feed point (SP) and the divider circuit (TS), and - the respective divider circuit (TS) has two divider lines (TL1, TL2) between an input point (EP) and two output points (AP1, AP2), and the divider circuit (TS) is further configuredto symmetrically divide a signal provided to the input point (EP) via the matching circuit (AS) and feed it to the respective output point (AP1, AP2) of the divider circuit (TS), which is connected to the respective dipole antenna element (DP), and - the control circuit (SS) has two electronically controllable impedances (D1, D2), wherein the two electronically controllable impedances (D1, D2) are each arranged in opposite directions, and the control circuit (SS) is configured to provide respective control voltages to the respective electronically controllable impedances (D1, D2) so that different reflection factors are set between the two electronically controllable impedances (D1, D2) in order to switch the signal provided by the matching circuit (AS) and thus control the antenna characteristic of the switchable broadband antenna (ANT).