Switchable Dipole Smart Antenna for Beam Diversity in Tight Footprints

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing Wi-Fi antennas require additional passive elements for beam diversity, which increases their size and footprint, making them unsuitable for enterprise-grade access points that need to adapt to dynamic environments.

Innovation Solution

A smart antenna device using dipole antennas connected via switches to switch between omnidirectional and directional modes without passive elements, achieving high gain patterns by coupling multiple dipole antennas.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Power

If reflectors and directors are used to achieve beam diversity, then directional gain is improved, but device size and footprint increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedirectional gainVSAvoidantenna footprint
Core Design Contradiction:
PowerVSArea of stationary object

Solution Approach 1:

Multiple dipole antennas are merged into a single integrated structure sharing common support and feeding mechanisms. The dipoles are positioned in close proximity with their ends arranged in pairs, creating a compact omnidirectional array that achieves high gain without requiring separate reflector and director elements.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The antenna system dynamically switches between omnidirectional and directional modes using electronically controlled switches. These switches connect or disconnect paired dipole ends based on operational requirements, enabling beam diversity without mechanical movement or additional passive elements.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

2Adaptability or versatility

If passive elements are added for beam diversity, then signal pattern control is improved, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesignal pattern controlVSAvoidantenna structure complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The antenna employs electronic switching between omnidirectional and directional configurations through simple connect/disconnect operations on paired dipole ends. This dynamic reconfiguration provides adaptability without complex mechanical structures or additional passive components.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The same dipole antenna structure serves multiple functions: it provides both omnidirectional and directional radiation patterns, eliminates the need for separate reflector and director elements, and maintains structural simplicity across different operational modes.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

3Power

If multiple dipole antennas are coupled to achieve high gain, then radiation performance is improved, but space requirements increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveradiation gainVSAvoidantenna volume
Core Design Contradiction:
PowerVSVolume of moving object

Solution Approach 1:

Multiple dipole antennas are nested in close proximity with their ends arranged in pairs, creating a compact configuration. The dipoles share common support structures and feeding networks, allowing high gain radiation from multiple elements within a minimal volume.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #7Nested doll (Nesting)

Solution Approach 2:

Multiple dipole antennas are merged into an integrated structure with shared support and feeding mechanisms. This consolidation achieves the radiation performance of multiple elements while minimizing the overall volume occupied by the antenna system.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The solution provides high gain omnidirectional and directional coverage with minimal space requirements, enabling dynamic beam adaptation based on environmental needs, and supports modern access points with reduced coupling and cost-effectiveness.

Implementation Method 1

Each of the plurality of dipole antennas 14 is configured with a feeding arm 11... capable of radiating an electromagnetic signal in an omnidirectional pattern

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectromagnetic radiation: Electromagnetic Induction

Implementation Method 2

One or more switches 30 are provided... configured to switch the antenna device between (1) an omnidirectional state, in which the ends of the dipole antennas are not connected to each other; and (2) a directional state, in which the two ends in each of one or more of the pairs are connected to each other

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectrical switching: Conduction (electrical)

Implementation Method 3

The waves from the multiple elements superpose and interfere to enhance radiation in a single direction, achieving a very substantial directional increase in the antenna's gain

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectWave interference: Interference

Data Source

PatentEP4022715B1Beam diversity by smart antenna without passive elements
Publication Date: 2025.08.27 HUAWEI TECH CO LTD
  • EP4022715B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4022715B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP4022715B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

An antenna device comprises a plurality of dipole antennas and a port. Each of the dipole antennas is connected to the port, and wherein the plurality of dipole antennas are arranged around the port. Each of the plurality of dipole antennas comprises two ends. The ends of the dipole antennas are arranged in a plurality of pairs. Each pair comprises one end of one of the dipole antennas and one end of another one of the dipole antennas. The two ends in each pair are arranged in proximity to each other. One or more switches are configured to switch between (1) an omnidirectional state, in which the ends of the dipole antennas are not connected to each other; and (2) a directional state, in which the two ends in each of one or more of the pairs are connected to each other.