Switchable Endovascular MRI Probe for Tip Tracking and Local Imaging
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing endovascular probes face challenges in precisely localizing the distal tip and acquiring detailed anatomical images during magnetic resonance imaging-guided interventions, particularly in deep and narrow vasculature, due to limitations in probe design and the need for seamless integration of device tracking, imaging, and ablation without excessive bulk or RF heating hazards.
Innovation Solution
A switchable endovascular probe design incorporating a conductor, tracking coil, and a switchable coupling mechanism using photoresponsive or thermoactive materials to toggle between tracking and imaging configurations, allowing precise localization and high-resolution imaging with minimal RF interference.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If conventional external imaging coils are used for MRI, then imaging coverage is provided, but deep arteries such as coronaries, renal arteries, and peripheral arteries are poorly seen
Solution Approach 1:
The imaging system is segmented into external body coils for general imaging and an intravascular probe with integrated imaging capability for deep vessel imaging. The probe itself is segmented with a switchable coupling mechanism that separates tracking and imaging functions, allowing each component to be optimized for its specific purpose while working together to provide comprehensive coverage from surface to deep vasculature.
Solution Approach 2:
The intravascular probe acts as an intermediary between the external imaging system and the deep vascular anatomy. It carries imaging coils into the target vessel, serving as a mediator that extends imaging capability into regions inaccessible to external coils alone, thereby bridging the gap between surface imaging and deep tissue visualization.
2Adaptability or versatility
If a probe integrates device tracking, imaging, and ablation capabilities, then functional integration is improved, but device bulk and complexity increase
Solution Approach 1:
The intravascular probe is designed as a multi-functional universal device that can perform device tracking, imaging, and ablation. The switchable coupling mechanism enables the same physical probe to toggle between different functional modes by changing its electrical configuration, thereby achieving multi-functionality without requiring separate devices for each capability.
Solution Approach 2:
The probe incorporates a switchable coupling mechanism that dynamically changes its electrical connection state between tracking and imaging modes. This dynamic reconfiguration allows the probe to adapt its functionality based on the procedural needs, enabling a single device to serve multiple purposes through controlled state changes rather than requiring multiple static devices.
3Reliability
If tracking coil is continuously coupled to conductor, then device tracking is maintained, but RF heating hazards increase
Solution Approach 1:
The switchable coupling mechanism periodically connects and disconnects the tracking coil from the conductor based on operational needs. During tracking phases, the coupling is closed to maintain signal reception. During imaging and ablation phases, the coupling opens to prevent RF heating. This periodic switching allows the system to maintain tracking reliability when needed while eliminating heating hazards during other operations.
Solution Approach 2:
The switchable coupling mechanism preemptively prevents RF heating by opening the electrical connection before ablation or imaging procedures begin. This preliminary action removes the source of potential heating (the coupled tracking coil) before it can cause harm, thereby protecting the patient and system while maintaining tracking capability when the coupling is closed.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables precise localization of the probe tip at high frame rates and detailed anatomical imaging, reducing RF heating risks and enabling safe navigation through tortuous vasculature with integrated ablation capabilities.
Implementation Method 1
The switchable coupling comprises a photoresponsive material (e.g., a thermoactive material) mechanically coupled to the conductor and the tracking coil; and an optical fiber in optical communication with the switching material
Implementation Method 2
the photoresponsive material (e.g., the thermoactive material) has a positive coefficient of thermal expansion; when the photoresponsive material (e.g., the thermoactive material) is at a first temperature, the switchable coupling is in the first configuration; and when the switching material is at a second temperature that is higher than the first temperature, the switchable coupling is in the second configuration
Implementation Method 3
an optical fiber in optical communication with the switching material
Implementation Method 4
a tracking coil with a first end and a second end
Data Source
AI summary
The present disclosure provides a system for localizing the position of an endovascular probe and collecting high-resolution images of the anatomy surrounding the probe. In particular, a switchable endovascular imaging antenna/probe and related devices are disclosed, which are conveniently switchable between a configuration that allows the localization with high precision of the distal tip of an endovascular probe, and another configuration that allows imaging in the locality of the probe tip. Embodiments are also disclosed capable of delivering ablation therapy.