Switchable Optical Element for Privacy Viewing Without Brightness Loss

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing display technologies struggle with achieving a wide viewing angle for sharing information while also providing privacy by restricting the view to a narrow angle, often resulting in reduced brightness, complex designs, and limited privacy protection.

Innovation Solution

A planar optical element with alternating first and second regions of different refractive indices, allowing light to be switched between free viewing and privacy modes by controlling the propagation directions of light using layers that are opaque or switchable, ensuring minimal brightness reduction and universal applicability across various screens.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If microlouver films are used for visual privacy, then privacy protection is improved, but light transmission is reduced and the films require manual installation and removal

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveprivacy protectionVSAvoidlight transmission
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSIllumination intensity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces mechanical microlouver films with a light guide plate system that uses optical principles (total internal reflection and refraction) to achieve privacy protection. The light guide plate with structured surfaces redirects light paths based on viewing angles, eliminating the need for manual film installation while maintaining privacy functionality.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The light guide plate acts as an intermediary optical element between the backlight and display panel. It mediates light distribution by controlling emission angles through its structured surfaces, achieving both privacy protection and high light transmission without requiring additional films.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Ease of operation

If complex optical elements like microlens elements and prism structures are used to reshape light, then viewing angle control is improved, but device complexity and manufacturing cost increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveviewing angle controlVSAvoidoptical element complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent segments the light guide plate into different functional zones with distinct surface structures. The front surface has a first structured region for wide-angle light emission, while the rear surface has a second structured region for controlling light entry angles. This segmentation achieves viewing angle control without requiring multiple separate complex optical elements.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent combines multiple optical functions into a single light guide plate component. The plate simultaneously performs light redistribution, viewing angle control, and privacy protection functions that would traditionally require separate microlens arrays, prism structures, and diffusion films, thereby reducing overall device complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

3Ease of operation

If complex light conversion processes are used to achieve wide illumination angle, then viewing angle is improved, but brightness is significantly reduced

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveviewing angleVSAvoidbrightness
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSIllumination intensity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies preliminary light redistribution at the rear surface of the light guide plate before light enters the main body. The second structured region on the rear surface pre-conditions the light paths, ensuring that light is already optimized for wide-angle emission before undergoing further propagation, thereby minimizing brightness loss while achieving wide viewing angles.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes the optical parameters (refractive indices, surface structure geometries) of the light guide plate to optimize light extraction efficiency at different angles. By carefully selecting and tuning these parameters, the system achieves wide viewing angles while maintaining high brightness through minimized optical losses.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The optical element effectively restricts light propagation directions, maintaining high brightness and resolution in both modes, with a top-hat distribution achieving privacy without significant brightness loss, and can be seamlessly integrated with various display technologies.

Implementation Method 1

Light incident on a first large surface of the optical element enters the optical element exclusively through light-entry surfaces of the first regions and, depending on the angle of incidence, polarization and the ratio of the first to the second refractive index, either a) is propagated unhindered or totally reflected within a first region and is subsequently coupled out again at a light-emitting surface of the corresponding first region, or b) penetrates from the first region into an adjacent second region

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectRefraction: Refraction

Implementation Method 2

depending on the angle of incidence, polarization and the ratio of the first to the second refractive index, either a) is propagated unhindered or totally reflected within a first region and is subsequently coupled out again at a light-emitting surface of the corresponding first region

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectTotal internal reflection: Total Internal Reflection

Data Source

PatentEP4229477B1Optical element and method for manufacturing the same
Publication Date: 2026.03.25 SIOPTICA GMBH
  • EP4229477B1 patent drawingFigure 1a~1b
  • EP4229477B1 patent drawingFigure 1c~1d
  • EP4229477B1 patent drawingFigure 2~4

AI summary

The invention relates to an optical element (1) which extends in a planar manner with a light inlet side and a light outlet side. The optical element comprises alternating first and second transparent regions (B1, B2) made of materials with different first and second refractive indices (N1, N2), wherein the first refractive index (N1) is greater than the second refractive index (N2). First and second layers (OB, AB) which are opaque or which can be switched to become opaque are arranged on the light inlet and light outlet surfaces of the second regions (B2). The propagation direction of light passing through the optical element (1) is limited when the layers (OB, AB) are opaque in comparison to when the layers (OB, AB) are switched to be transparent.