Switchable Pi-Shape Antenna for Multi-Band LTE Coverage

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional T-shape antennas in smartphones are limited in band coverage, particularly for 4G LTE bands such as 704-960MHz, 1710-2170MHz, and 2500-2690MHz, making them unsuitable for popular frequency ranges.

Innovation Solution

A low-profile Pi-shaped antenna with a switchable impedance matching network, capacitively coupled to a connector, providing resonance over multiple RF bands, including LTE B17, B20, and B7, and optionally B41, using a radiating stripline with two arms forming the shape of the Greek symbol Pi, and an impedance matching network comprising switches, capacitors, and inductors.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Adaptability or versatility

If a conventional T-shaped antenna is used, then the antenna structure is simple, but the band coverage is limited and not suitable for popular 4G LTE bands

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveband coverageVSAvoidantenna structure
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The antenna is divided into multiple arms (first arm, second arm, third arm) forming a Pi-shaped structure, where each arm can be independently configured to resonate at different frequencies. This segmentation allows the antenna to cover multiple 4G LTE bands simultaneously while maintaining a relatively simple overall structure that can be integrated into smartphone form factors.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The antenna incorporates a switchable impedance matching network that can dynamically adjust its electrical characteristics to optimize performance across different frequency bands. This dynamic adjustment capability enables the antenna to adapt to various 4G LTE bands (including B17, B20, and B7) without requiring multiple fixed-configuration antennas.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

2Length of stationary object

If the antenna is made low profile to meet product form factors, then the device size is reduced, but the radiation efficiency and bandwidth are limited

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveantenna profileVSAvoidradiation efficiency
Core Design Contradiction:
Length of stationary objectVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The Pi-shaped antenna structure provides different electrical lengths and geometries in different regions (arms) of the antenna. By optimizing the local geometry of each arm and its connection points, the antenna achieves resonant frequencies that correspond to popular 4G LTE bands while maintaining an overall low profile suitable for smartphone integration.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Solution Approach 2:

The impedance matching network acts as an intermediary between the antenna elements and the feed line, enabling efficient power transfer and bandwidth expansion. This network compensates for the limitations imposed by the low-profile geometry, allowing the antenna to achieve adequate radiation efficiency despite its compact size.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The Pi-shaped antenna with a switchable impedance matching network effectively covers multiple 4G LTE bands, enhancing bandwidth and radiation efficiency, allowing for efficient operation across various frequency ranges while maintaining a low profile.

Implementation Method 1

the coupling component (S1) is capacitively coupled to a connector (30) of the mobile device (10) to provide a first resonance over a first band of the multiple RF bands

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectCapacitive coupling: Capacitance

Implementation Method 2

the coupling component (S1) is capacitively coupled to a connector (30) of the mobile device (10) to provide a first resonance over a first band of the multiple RF bands

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectResonance: Resonance

Implementation Method 3

A Pi-shaped antenna (12) consisting of a radiating stripline

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectromagnetic radiation: Electromagnetic Induction

Data Source

PatentEP3134940B1Switchable pi shape antenna
Publication Date: 2018.09.12 HUAWEI TECH CO LTD
  • EP3134940B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP3134940B1 patent drawingFigure 3
  • EP3134940B1 patent drawingFigure 4

AI summary

A mobile device (10) including a housing having a distal end, and electronics (18) disposed in the housing configured to operate the mobile device (10). A connector (30) is coupled to the electronics (18), and a Pi-shaped antenna (12) has a coupling coupled to the connector (30) to create a resonance using the connector (30). The Pi-shaped antenna (12) and the connector (30) are configured to wirelessly send and receive the wireless signals. An impedance matching network (14) matches the impedance of the electronics (18) to the Pi-shaped antenna (12). The impedance matching network (14) is switchable by the electronics (18) and is configured to match an impedance of the electronics (18) to the Pi-shaped antenna (12) in at least two states, over multiple RF bands.