Switchable Trim Compressor for Turbocharger Airflow Control
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Solution Overview
Problem
Traditional turbochargers have a fixed compressor inlet diameter, which limits their ability to adjust airflow according to varying engine performance needs, leading to inefficiencies in power delivery and fuel consumption.
Innovation Solution
A turbocharger with a switchable trim compressor and ported shroud that adjusts the compressor inlet diameter by moving petals to control airflow, allowing for recirculation of air under certain conditions, thereby optimizing airflow based on engine operating conditions.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If a fixed compressor inlet diameter is used in traditional turbochargers, then the structure is simple and reliable, but the ability to adjust airflow according to varying engine performance needs is limited
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies the dynamics principle by making the compressor inlet diameter adjustable rather than fixed. The inlet diameter can be dynamically changed by moving the inlet portion axially relative to the compressor wheel, allowing the turbocharger to adapt airflow characteristics to varying engine performance requirements. This transforms a static component into a dynamic one that can respond to different operating conditions.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies segmentation by dividing the compressor inlet structure into separate movable and stationary portions. The inlet portion is separated from the housing and can be independently positioned at different axial locations, creating discrete airflow configurations. This segmentation enables the inlet area to be adjusted in steps, providing adaptability while maintaining structural simplicity.
2Productivity
If the compressor inlet diameter is reduced to control airflow rates, then airflow to the engine can be optimized for different conditions, but the ability to maintain sufficient airflow under all operating conditions deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies multi-functionality by designing the adjustable inlet portion to serve multiple functions: it controls airflow rate precision for different operating conditions while also maintaining sufficient airflow across the entire operating range. The same mechanical adjustment mechanism enables both precise airflow control and adequate air supply by positioning the inlet at different axial locations relative to the compressor wheel.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies parameter changes by varying the effective inlet diameter parameter through axial movement of the inlet portion. By changing this geometric parameter, the system can optimize airflow rates for specific operating conditions while maintaining the capability to provide sufficient airflow across all conditions through the full range of adjustable positions.
3Adaptability or versatility
If a variable trim compressor is implemented to adjust inlet area, then airflow characteristics can be optimized, but the device complexity and manufacturing difficulty increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies segmentation by separating the inlet portion from the main housing, allowing it to be manufactured as a distinct component that can be independently positioned and adjusted. This segmentation simplifies manufacturing compared to integrated variable geometry designs, as the movable inlet portion can be produced separately and then assembled into the compressor housing with defined axial positioning features.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies dynamics by implementing a simple axial movement mechanism that allows the inlet portion to be repositioned along the axis. This dynamic adjustment capability is achieved through straightforward mechanical means rather than complex variable geometry mechanisms, maintaining ease of manufacture while providing inlet area variability for optimized airflow characteristics.
Data Source
AI summary
A turbocharger includes a compressor assembly having a compressor housing defining a ported shroud and a switchable trim compressor. The switchable trim compressor is moveable from an open trim position to a closed trim position, with the closed trim position minimizing a diameter of the air inlet opening and blocking air flow through the ported shroud. The positioning of the switchable trim compressor in the open position increases the diameter of the air inlet opening and allows a recirculation air flow through the ported shroud from an interior of the compressor assembly to a position upstream of the switchable trim compressor at a position near the air inlet opening.