Switchgear Interlocking Unit for Safe Operation

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing electrical switchgear lacks operational flexibility and reliability, particularly in preventing undesired combinations of power switch and grounding switch states that can lead to switchgear destruction.

Innovation Solution

An interlocking unit with a drive mechanism and locking bolts, controlled by an electromechanical actuator, selectively locks either the power switch or grounding switch drive mechanism, allowing remote operation and enhanced safety through manual override options and sensor monitoring.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If manual interaction with drive mechanism components is required, then operational flexibility is maintained, but staff safety is compromised and operational reliability decreases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveoperational reliabilityVSAvoidmanual operation requirement
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSEase of operation

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces manual mechanical interaction with an electromechanical actuator that automatically controls the locking bolts. The actuator receives electrical signals to move the locking bolts into or out of engagement with the drive mechanisms, eliminating the need for staff to manually access and manipulate mechanical components inside the switchgear enclosure.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent introduces an intermediary electromechanical actuator system that mediates between the control signal and the locking mechanism. This intermediary device allows remote operation while maintaining mechanical locking functionality, bridging the gap between electrical control and mechanical restraint without requiring direct manual intervention.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Reliability

If interlocking unit is added to prevent undesired switch combinations, then safety and reliability are improved, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
ImprovesafetyVSAvoiddevice complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent segments the safety function into separate locking bolts for each drive mechanism (first locking bolt for power switch, second locking bolt for grounding switch). Each locking bolt operates independently but is coordinated by the control unit, allowing the complex safety function to be divided into simpler, modular components that can be individually manufactured and maintained.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The control unit serves multiple functions: it detects the operational states of both switches, determines the desired state transitions, controls both locking bolts, and prevents undesired combinations. This multi-functional approach consolidates what could be multiple separate devices into a single control unit, reducing overall system complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

3Reliability

If locking bolts are used to lock drive mechanisms, then prevention of undesired switch states is achieved, but ease of operation is reduced due to additional locking steps

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveprevention of undesired statesVSAvoidoperation simplicity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSEase of operation

Solution Approach 1:

The locking system is self-servicing through automatic control. When the control unit receives a signal to change switch states, it automatically moves the appropriate locking bolts to release or engage the drive mechanisms. The system monitors its own state and makes autonomous decisions about when locking is needed, eliminating the need for operators to manually assess and execute locking procedures.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Solution Approach 2:

The control unit continuously detects the operational states of the power switch and grounding switch, and uses this feedback information to determine when locking bolts should be engaged or disengaged. This closed-loop feedback system ensures that locking actions are taken only when necessary to prevent undesired states, maintaining operational simplicity while ensuring safety.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The solution provides increased operational flexibility and reliability by preventing unintended switch states, ensuring safe and controlled operation of the switchgear, thereby reducing the risk of damage and enhancing staff safety.

Implementation Method 1

a drive unit is provided to move said at least one locking bolt, wherein said drive unit comprises at least one electromechanical actuator

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectromechanical actuation: Electromagnetic Induction

Data Source

PatentEP3089186B1Electrical switchgear and method of operating an electrical switchgear
Publication Date: 2019.09.11 GENERAL ELECTRIC TECH GMBH
  • EP3089186B1 patent drawingFigure 1a~1b
  • EP3089186B1 patent drawingFigure 2~3
  • EP3089186B1 patent drawingFigure 4a~4b

AI summary

The invention relates to an electrical switchgear (10) comprising at least one power switch (11) and a grounding switch (12) associated with said power switch (11) for electrically grounding said power switch (11), wherein a first drive mechanism (110) is provided for driving said power switch (11), and wherein a second drive mechanism (120) is provided for driving said grounding switch (12), and wherein an interlocking unit (200) is provided which is configured to lock said first drive mechanism (110) and/or said second drive mechanism (120).