Switching Matrix Battery Control for Multi-Source Charging
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing energy storage systems lack flexibility and efficiency in charging and discharging processes, limiting their performance and lifespan, especially when dealing with diverse battery sizes and capacities across various devices from smartphones to electric vehicles.
Innovation Solution
The proposed energy storage system employs a main battery management printed circuit board assembly (MBM PCBA) with multiple input and output ports, a programmable control chip, and a switching matrix to manage and optimize the charging and discharging of multiple battery modules, allowing simultaneous charging from multiple sources and prioritizing energy distribution based on user-defined settings.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If traditional single-input charging systems are used, then system simplicity is maintained, but charging rates and efficiency are limited
Solution Approach 1:
The system divides the charging function into multiple independent input ports, each capable of receiving power from different sources. The switching matrix segments the power distribution paths, allowing selective connection of different battery modules to different input ports, thereby enabling parallel charging that increases overall charging rate without requiring complete system redesign
Solution Approach 2:
The switching matrix provides multi-functional capability by enabling dynamic reconfiguration of connections between input ports, battery modules, and output ports. A single switching matrix component performs multiple functions: routing power from different sources, balancing charges across battery modules, and distributing power to various outputs, thereby increasing charging flexibility without proportionally increasing system complexity
2Ease of repair
If battery modules are managed independently, then maintenance and expansion are simplified, but control system complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The battery system is segmented into multiple independent battery modules, each with its own management circuitry. This modular architecture allows individual modules to be monitored, maintained, and replaced independently without affecting other modules, significantly easing maintenance operations while the centralized switching matrix coordinates their operation
Solution Approach 2:
The switching matrix acts as an intermediary between the multiple independent battery modules and the external system. It provides a unified control interface that manages power flow among modules without requiring complex direct interconnections between each module, thereby maintaining control simplicity while enabling independent module management
3Adaptability or versatility
If multiple battery modules with different capacities are used, then system adaptability and expansion are improved, but energy distribution optimization becomes more difficult
Solution Approach 1:
The switching matrix implements dynamic connection configuration, allowing the system to adapt in real-time to different battery module capacities and states of charge. The control system can dynamically adjust which modules are connected to which input ports based on their capacity, charge level, and operational requirements, optimizing energy distribution across heterogeneous modules without requiring complex predetermined configurations
Solution Approach 2:
The system changes operational parameters such as connection topology, power distribution ratios, and charging priorities based on the specific characteristics of connected battery modules. When modules with different capacities are detected, the control system adjusts parameters like current allocation and voltage matching to optimize charging efficiency, thereby managing heterogeneity through parameter adaptation rather than structural complexity
Data Source
AI summary
The present disclosure provides an energy storage system comprising a plurality of input ports connectable to receive electrical power from one or more energy sources, a plurality of output ports connectable to deliver electrical power to one or more loads, a plurality of battery modules, a switching matrix connected between the plurality of battery modules and the plurality of inputs, and between the plurality of battery modules and the plurality of outputs, the switching matrix configured to selectively connect each battery module to any number of the plurality of input ports or any number of the plurality of output ports, each input port to any number of battery modules, and each output port to any number of battery modules, and a main battery management controller operably coupled to the switching matrix for controlling connections between each battery module and any number of the plurality of input ports or any number of the plurality of output ports.