Switching Rectifier Circuit Timing Control via Dual Voltage Comparators

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional switching rectifier circuits face challenges in accurately controlling the timing of transistors, leading to inefficient power conversion due to reverse-flow currents and diminished power conversion efficiency.

Innovation Solution

A switching rectifier circuit with a configuration that includes comparison circuits and a timing generator to control the on and off states of switches based on AC and DC voltage thresholds, preventing reverse currents by accurately managing the switching of transistors.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Loss of energy

If transistors are used to replace diodes in a switching rectifier circuit, then power loss is reduced, but timing control accuracy deteriorates leading to reverse-flow currents

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepower lossVSAvoidtiming control accuracy
Core Design Contradiction:
Loss of energyVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

The timing control function is segmented into two independent comparison circuits: one comparing AC voltage with DC voltage for forward current control, and another comparing AC voltage with reference voltage for reverse current prevention. This segmentation allows each circuit to optimize for its specific function, improving overall timing accuracy while maintaining the low power loss benefits of transistor-based switching.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

A reference voltage (lower than DC voltage) is introduced as an intermediary threshold to prevent reverse-flow currents. This reference voltage acts as a mediator that provides a clear, unambiguous switching point for the transistors, eliminating the timing control inaccuracies that occurred when using only DC voltage comparison.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Productivity

If switching rectifier circuit is used instead of diode bridge, then conversion efficiency is improved, but reverse-flow current occurs due to inaccurate timing

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepower conversion efficiencyVSAvoidreverse-flow current
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The second comparison circuit performs preliminary action by detecting when the AC voltage drops below the reference voltage and preparing the transistor switching in advance. This preliminary detection ensures that transistors are turned off before reverse-flow current can occur, maintaining high conversion efficiency while preventing harmful reverse currents.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The dual comparison circuit system provides feedback control for transistor switching. The first comparison circuit provides feedback for normal rectification operation, while the second comparison circuit provides feedback to prevent reverse current flow. This dual feedback mechanism maintains high efficiency by ensuring precise timing control.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This configuration enhances power conversion efficiency by minimizing reverse currents and optimizing the switching of transistors, leading to improved performance in battery chargers.

Implementation Method 1

a first comparison circuit adapted to generate from the first AC voltage and the DC voltage a first on detection signal and a first off detection signal individually; a second comparison circuit adapted to generate from the second AC voltage and the DC voltage a second on detection signal and a second off detection signal individually

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectVoltage comparison:

Data Source

PatentEP2642654B1Switching rectifier circuit and battery charger using same
Publication Date: 2019.01.30 ROHM CO LTD
  • EP2642654B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2642654B1 patent drawingFigure 2A~2B
  • EP2642654B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A switching rectifier circuit according to the present invention includes: a switch (M1) coupled between a first alternating-current voltage (VAC1) and a direct-current voltage (VDC); a switch (M2) coupled between a second alternating-current voltage (VAC2) and the direct-current voltage (VDC); a switch (M3) coupled between the first alternating-current voltage (VAC1) and a reference voltage (VSS); a switch (M4) coupled between the second alternating-current voltage (VAC2) and the reference voltage (VSS); a first comparator circuit (121) that generates each of a first power-on detection signal (DET1a) and a first power-off detection signal (DET1b) from the first alternating-current voltage (VAC1) and the direct-current voltage (VDC); a second comparator circuit (122) that generates each of a second power-on detection signal (DET2a) and a second power-off detection signal (DET2b) from the second alternating-current voltage (VAC2) and the direct-current voltage (VDC); and a timing generator (13) that controls the switches (M1 to M4) to be turned on/off on the basis of outputs of at least the comparator circuits (121, 122).