Sympathetic Tone Measurement via Nociception Threshold Comparison

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current methods for determining sympathetic tone, a measure of stress level, are either complex, costly, or unreliable, particularly due to environmental influences and the need for laboratory analysis, and often fail to accurately differentiate between acute and chronic stress.

Innovation Solution

A method and system that measure sympathetic tone by comparing stimulation thresholds at sympathetic tone-neutral and dependent points on the body, using a calibration threshold value to calculate an indication value of sympathetic tone, allowing for quick, reliable, and inexpensive assessment of stress levels.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If laboratory analysis methods (cortisol in saliva, catecholamines in serum/urine) are used to determine sympathetic tone, then measurement precision is improved, but device complexity and loss of time increase due to complicated technical analyses and delays

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemeasurement precisionVSAvoiddevice complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces complex laboratory analytical systems with a simple mechanical pressure application system. A pressure base with contact face applies controlled pressure to specific body points, and a sensor measures the pressure threshold at which the subject perceives the stimulus. This mechanical substitution eliminates the need for complex biochemical analysis while providing rapid measurement of sympathetic tone through nociception threshold comparison between sympathetic and non-sympathetic points.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent extracts only the essential measurement function from complex laboratory procedures. Instead of performing complete biochemical analysis of cortisol and catecholamines, the invention extracts the core information needed (sympathetic tone level) by measuring pressure thresholds at specific body points. This extraction simplifies the measurement process while retaining the ability to determine sympathetic activation state.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

2Measurement precision

If laboratory analysis methods are used to determine sympathetic tone, then measurement precision is improved, but loss of time increases due to the need for laboratory analysis

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemeasurement precisionVSAvoidloss of time
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces time-consuming laboratory analysis with immediate mechanical measurement. The pressure base applies force and the sensor records the threshold in real-time, providing instant results without sending samples to laboratories. This mechanical substitution enables rapid assessment of sympathetic tone while maintaining measurement capability through objective pressure threshold recording.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The measurement system is self-contained and performs the complete measurement process without external laboratory infrastructure. The pressure base, sensor, and evaluation unit work together as an integrated system that can be deployed anywhere, eliminating dependency on laboratory facilities and enabling immediate measurement results.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

3Ease of operation

If known methods (skin temperature measurement, sweat secretion determination) are used to determine sympathetic tone, then ease of operation is improved, but reliability worsens due to environmental influences

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveease of operationVSAvoidreliability
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent introduces nociception threshold measurement as an intermediary indicator of sympathetic tone. Instead of directly measuring temperature or sweat secretion (which are influenced by environment), the invention uses the subject's pain perception threshold as an intermediary that reflects sympathetic activation state. This intermediary measurement is less susceptible to environmental confounds while remaining easy to obtain through simple pressure application.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent applies pressure to specific localized body points with different sympathetic innervation characteristics. By targeting specific points (such as sympathetic points versus non-sympathetic control points), the measurement captures local nociception threshold differences that reflect sympathetic tone. This localized approach provides reliable measurement that is not confounded by general environmental conditions affecting the entire body.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

4Measurement precision

If current methods are used to determine sympathetic tone, then measurement precision may be improved through laboratory analysis, but device complexity and cost increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemeasurement precisionVSAvoidease of manufacture
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The patent employs a simple, inexpensive pressure base with contact face that can be easily manufactured and potentially disposed of or reused. The sensor unit is a standard force-sensitive resistor or similar component that is inexpensive and widely available. This approach replaces expensive laboratory equipment and biochemical reagents with cheap, easily manufactured components, making the system accessible and simple to produce.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #27Cheap short-living objects (Disposable)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent substitutes complex biochemical analysis equipment with simple mechanical pressure application devices. The pressure base, contact face, and sensor form a straightforward mechanical system that is easy to manufacture using conventional fabrication techniques, unlike sophisticated laboratory analyzers requiring specialized engineering and maintenance.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Data Source

PatentUS8706213B2Evaluation of sympathetic tone
Publication Date: 2014.04.22 ULL METER AS
  • US8706213B2 patent drawing
  • US8706213B2 patent drawing
  • US8706213B2 patent drawing

AI summary

The invention relates to a method of determining the sympathetic tone including the steps of: measuring an applied stimulation at a threshold value of the stimulation in one or more sympathetic tone-neutral points and measuring an applied stimulation at the same threshold value in one or more sympathetic tone-dependent points. The invention further relates to a system for applying and measuring a stimulation, and the use of a system for applying and measuring a stimulation for determining the sympathetic tone including the steps of: measuring an applied stimulation at a threshold value of the stimulation at one or more sympathetic tone-neutral points and measuring an applied stimulation at the same threshold value of the stimulation at one or more sympathetic tone-dependent points.