Synchronized Multi-Converter Charge Extraction for Variable Harvested Voltage
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Solution Overview
Problem
Energy harvesting devices produce electrical outputs that are often unsuitable for direct use by electronic devices due to voltage mismatches and variability, and conventional converters are inefficient and require additional power sources for operation.
Innovation Solution
An electrical converter system comprising a first and second voltage converter, along with a microprocessor that selectively activates these converters to synchronize and optimize energy harvesting, allowing for efficient conversion and utilization of energy from energy-harvesting devices like piezoelectric generators.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If a single conventional voltage converter is used to convert electrical output from energy generator, then the device complexity is reduced, but the energy conversion efficiency is insufficient and cannot adapt to voltage variability
Solution Approach 1:
The system dynamically switches between a first voltage converter and a second voltage converter based on real-time voltage conditions from the energy generator. The microprocessor monitors voltage output and selectively activates the appropriate converter to maintain optimal conversion efficiency across varying voltage conditions, transforming a static single-converter system into a dynamic adaptive system.
Solution Approach 2:
The system changes operational parameters by switching between different converter configurations based on voltage thresholds. When voltage exceeds a first threshold, the first converter is activated; when voltage drops below a second threshold, the second converter is activated. This parameter-based switching optimizes conversion efficiency across different operating conditions.
2Adaptability or versatility
If voltage converter operates continuously to handle voltage variability, then the adaptability to voltage changes is improved, but the power consumption of the converter increases
Solution Approach 1:
Instead of continuous operation, the voltage converters are activated periodically or intermittently based on voltage threshold conditions. The microprocessor monitors voltage output and only activates the appropriate converter when voltage conditions require conversion, allowing the system to adapt to voltage variability while minimizing unnecessary power consumption during periods when conversion is not needed.
Solution Approach 2:
The system uses the voltage output from the energy generator itself to determine when conversion is needed, eliminating the need for continuous external power supply to the converters. The converters are self-regulating, activating only when the generated voltage falls outside the usable range for the electronic device.
3Reliability
If conventional energy storage devices are used in distributed sensor networks, then the power supply is simplified, but the durability and sustainability are limited due to frequent discharge cycles
Solution Approach 1:
The system replaces reliance on conventional battery-based energy storage with an active energy conversion system that directly processes electrical output from the energy generator. By using intelligent voltage conversion instead of passive energy storage, the system eliminates the wear and tear associated with battery discharge cycles, thereby improving durability and extending device lifespan.
4Adaptability or versatility
If the voltage converter is activated to match voltage requirements, then the electrical output becomes suitable for electronic devices, but the system complexity and control requirements increase
Solution Approach 1:
The voltage conversion function is segmented into two distinct converters with specialized roles: a first voltage converter for high-voltage conditions and a second voltage converter for low-voltage conditions. This segmentation allows each converter to be optimized for its specific operating range, simplifying the control logic compared to a single complex converter that must handle all voltage conditions.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This system enhances energy harvesting efficiency by up to 400% by activating converters at optimal times, reducing the need for frequent replacements and maintenance, and extends the lifespan of energy storage devices in distributed sensor networks.
Implementation Method 1
converting an electrical output provided by an energy generator with a first voltage converter
Implementation Method 2
activating, with a microprocessor, a second voltage converter for synchronously converting the electrical output provided by the energy generator with the second voltage converter
Data Source
AI summary
A method includes converting an electrical output provided by an energy generator with a first voltage converter; and, subsequent to converting the electrical output provided by the energy generator with the first voltage converter, activating, with a microprocessor, a second voltage converter for converting the electrical output provided by the energy generator with the second voltage converter. An electrical device with a microprocessor for selecting one of two or more voltage converters is also described.