Synchronized Chest Compression and Ventilation Apparatus
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current cardiac resuscitation devices face challenges in effectively integrating chest compressions and ventilation, particularly in prolonged cardiac arrest scenarios where vascular tone is compromised, leading to inadequate blood flow and oxygenation.
Innovation Solution
The development of an apparatus that automatically delivers synchronized chest compressions and ventilation, featuring a chest compressing device and ventilator with control circuitry and processor to manage compression and decompression phases, along with ventilation pressures, to enhance blood flow and oxygenation, including the use of negative and positive pressures and synchronization with the patient's ECG to augment systolic and diastolic activity.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Manufacturing precision
If traditional CPR methods are used with manual coordination of compressions and ventilations, then the device complexity is low, but the synchronization precision and blood flow efficiency deteriorate
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines the chest compression device and ventilator into a single integrated system with shared control circuitry and processor. The control system coordinates compressions and ventilations as unified therapeutic cycles, ensuring precise synchronization while eliminating the need for separate manual coordination of two independent devices.
Solution Approach 2:
The integrated control system automatically manages the timing and coordination of compressions and ventilations without requiring manual intervention. The processor executes pre-programmed algorithms that self-regulate the therapeutic cycles, maintaining optimal synchronization precision while reducing operator workload.
2Productivity
If standard compression-ventilation cycles are used, then the ease of operation is maintained, but the blood flow efficiency and oxygenation deteriorate in prolonged cardiac arrest
Solution Approach 1:
The system dynamically adjusts compression and ventilation parameters based on real-time physiological feedback and pre-programmed algorithms. The control circuitry modifies compression depth, rate, and timing along with ventilation pressure and flow rates to optimize blood flow efficiency during prolonged cardiac arrest, adapting to changing patient conditions automatically.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements variable therapeutic parameters including different compression depths, rates, and durations combined with varying ventilation pressures and flow rates. The control system adjusts these parameters in coordinated fashion to maximize blood flow and oxygenation efficiency while maintaining ease of operation through automatic parameter management.
3Productivity
If extended decompression phases with negative ventilation are implemented, then the venous filling and circulation improve, but the duration of each compression cycle increases
Solution Approach 1:
The system employs periodic alternation between compression phases and extended decompression phases with coordinated negative ventilation. This rhythmic pattern optimizes venous filling during decompression while maintaining overall circulation efficiency, with the control circuitry precisely timing each phase to balance circulation benefits against cycle duration.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This solution improves blood flow by alternating systolic and diastolic flow cycles with extended decompression phases and negative ventilation, providing better venous filling and circulation compared to existing methods, and is adaptable for both cardiac and traumatic arrests with potential for reoxygenation and reduced risk of reperfusion injury.
Implementation Method 1
a chest compressing device for delivering compression phases during which pressure is applied to compress the chest
Implementation Method 2
a ventilator for delivering positive, negative, or approximately zero pressure to the airway
Implementation Method 3
the ventilator to deliver a negative ventilation pressure during the diastolic decompression phase
Implementation Method 4
synchronization with the patient's ECG to augment systolic and diastolic activity
Data Source
AI summary
Apparatus for automatic delivery of chest compressions and ventilation to a patient. The apparatus includes a chest compressing device configured to deliver compression phases during which pressure is applied to compress the chest and decompression phases during which approximately zero pressure is applied to the chest a ventilator configured to deliver positive, negative, or approximately zero pressure to the airway; control circuitry and processor, wherein the circuitry and processor are configured to cause the chest compressing device to repeatedly deliver a set containing a plurality of systolic flow cycles, each systolic flow cycle including a systolic decompression phase and a systolic compression phase, and at least one diastolic flow cycle interspersed between sets of systolic flow cycles, each diastolic flow cycle including a diastolic decompression phase and a diastolic compression phase, wherein the diastolic decompression phase is substantially longer than the systolic decompression phase.