Synchronous Power Controller for Grid Stability
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional photovoltaic inverters struggle to maintain synchronization with the grid during perturbations, leading to uncontrolled power flows and instability, especially in weak grids with high photovoltaic penetration, necessitating additional economic burdens for power reserves and grid stability.
Innovation Solution
A Synchronous Power Controller using static power converters with two main blocks: an electric block that dynamically adjusts virtual admittance to manage current injection and an electromechanical block that instantaneously adjusts inertia and damping factors to optimize responses to grid perturbations, allowing for natural synchronization and support of the grid.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional PV inverters are used to connect to the grid, then the system is simple and easy to operate, but the system becomes unstable during grid perturbations and requires additional power reserves
Solution Approach 1:
The controller dynamically adjusts virtual admittance parameters (conductance G and susceptance B) in real-time based on grid conditions. The electric block computes dynamic admittance values Y* = G* + jB* that vary with operating conditions, allowing the inverter to adapt its behavior to maintain stability during perturbations while keeping the overall system architecture relatively simple.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces virtual admittance as an intermediary concept that mediates between the inverter and the grid. By controlling the virtual admittance seen by the grid, the controller can regulate power flow and maintain stability without requiring complex hardware modifications or additional power reserves.
2Productivity
If conventional PV inverters inject current to maximize active power, then energy production is optimized, but they cannot control reactive power to regulate voltage level
Solution Approach 1:
The controller provides multi-functionality by simultaneously managing both active and reactive power through unified virtual admittance control. The same control mechanism that optimizes active power injection also enables reactive power control for voltage regulation, allowing a single device to perform multiple functions without requiring separate control systems.
Solution Approach 2:
The controller changes the parameters of virtual admittance (conductance G and susceptance B) to achieve different operating modes. By adjusting these parameters dynamically, the system can optimize active power generation while simultaneously providing reactive power support for voltage regulation, adapting to different grid conditions as needed.
3Quantity of substance
If conventional PV inverters are used in weak grids with high penetration, then installation cost is reduced, but the grid becomes unstable and requires additional economic burden for power reserves
Solution Approach 1:
The controller provides self-service by automatically maintaining grid stability through dynamic virtual admittance adjustment without requiring external power reserves or additional stabilization equipment. The inverter itself becomes the stabilizing element, enabling high PV penetration while maintaining reliability through its own control capabilities rather than relying on external support systems.
Data Source
Figure 1~2
Figure 3~5
AI summary
The invention relates to a synchronous power controller for a generation system based on static power converters, said controller comprising two main blocks referred to as: block 1 (electric block) (10) and block 2 (electromechanical block) (20), electric block 1 (10) being, in turn, formed by a virtual electrical characteristic controller (11) and a virtual admittance controller (12) and the electromechanical block 2 (20) being formed by a virtual electromechanical characteristic controller (21) and an inertia and damping factor controller (22).