Tactile Fur Sensing for Robotic Contact Detection

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Solution Overview

Problem

Traditional robotic sensing systems for detecting impending contact with objects are expensive, bulky, and complex, making them cost-prohibitive and inefficient for large surface areas, and they complicate data analysis, leading to potential damage to both the robotic device and objects.

Innovation Solution

A tactile fur sensing system using a plurality of filaments or threads with sensors to detect changes in electrical resistance or displacement, and nubs with protective layers and embedded sensors to detect pressure, allowing for early detection of object contact without requiring complex sensing circuitry or processing.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If traditional sensing systems are used to detect impending contact on large surface areas, then detection accuracy is improved, but system cost and complexity increase significantly

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedetection accuracyVSAvoidsystem complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent divides the sensing surface into multiple discrete zones, each equipped with simple binary sensors rather than continuous sensors across the entire surface. This segmentation allows the system to maintain detection accuracy across large areas while using only simple, low-cost sensing elements in each zone.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent replaces complex mechanical sensing systems with simple binary sensors that detect only the presence or absence of contact in each zone. This substitution dramatically reduces system complexity and cost while maintaining the ability to detect impending contact across large surface areas.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

2Area of stationary object

If numerous sensors are placed over large surface areas, then detection coverage is improved, but data processing complexity and time delays increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesensing coverage areaVSAvoiddata processing complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Area of stationary objectVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The sensing surface is divided into multiple discrete zones with simple binary sensors in each zone. This segmentation provides wide sensing coverage across large surface areas while keeping each sensor's output simple (binary state), thereby reducing overall data processing complexity compared to using fewer complex continuous sensors.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The system uses multiple simple binary sensors across zones rather than complex continuous sensors. This partial sensing approach (detecting only contact presence/absence rather than full contact characteristics) reduces data processing requirements while maintaining sufficient coverage for safety applications.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #16Partial or excessive action

3Reliability

If traditional sensing systems are used, then detection capability is improved, but system cost becomes prohibitive

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedetection capabilityVSAvoidsystem cost
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The patent uses simple, inexpensive binary sensors in each zone rather than expensive traditional sensing systems. These simple sensors can be manufactured at low cost and replaced if needed, making the overall system economically viable while maintaining reliable detection capability for safety applications.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #27Cheap short-living objects (Disposable)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent replaces expensive mechanical sensing systems with simple electronic binary sensors that detect only contact presence or absence. This substitution dramatically reduces system cost while maintaining sufficient detection capability for safety-critical applications where knowing contact occurrence is more important than detailed contact characteristics.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Provides a cost-effective, efficient, and accurate method for early detection of impending contact, enabling robotic devices to react quickly and safely to objects, reducing the risk of damage and improving interaction accuracy.

Implementation Method 1

A sensor is connected to the plurality of filaments or threads. The sensor is configured to detect resistance values corresponding to the plurality of filaments or threads

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectrical Resistance: Electrical Resistance

Implementation Method 2

The part of the sensor that is positioned in the cavity includes a first electrical contact and a second electrical contact. The sensor is configured to generate a signal when the first electrical contact is connected to the second electrical contact

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectrical Contact: Conduction (electrical)

Implementation Method 3

The outer cast or protection layer prevents contact between the sensor and an object outside the cavity

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPhysical Containment: Physical Containment

Implementation Method 4

The sensor may be a pressure-based sensor configured to generate a signal when a pressure applied to the outer cast or protection layer exceeds a force or pressure threshold

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPressure Detection: Piezoresistive Effect

Data Source

PatentUS9797792B2Systems and methods for tactile fur sensing
Publication Date: 2017.10.24 TOYOTA MOTOR ENG & MFG NORTH AMERICA INC
  • US9797792B2 patent drawing
  • US9797792B2 patent drawing
  • US9797792B2 patent drawing

AI summary

A tactile fur sensing system and a method of operating thereof allow early detection of an impending contact with an object. A plurality of filaments or threads are positioned on a zone or area of a surface of robotic device in a cost-effective manner. One or more sensors are configured to detect electrical resistance and/or displacement of the plurality of filaments or threads. A processor determines that there is contact with an object based on the detected electrical resistance and/or displacement. The detection of electrical resistance can be based on adjustable baseline values and/or adjustable threshold values. A plurality of nubs may alternatively or in addition be positioned on a surface area. Each nub has an outer cast or protection layer defining a cavity therein. At least a portion of a sensor for detecting resistance and/or displacement is positioned within the cavity of the nub.