Tail Cone Generator Connectors with Integrated Coolant Tube Cooling

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional gas turbine engines face challenges in integrating electric generators due to space constraints and high temperatures within the tail cone, which complicates the connection of the low pressure spool to drive accessories effectively.

Innovation Solution

An electric generator system is integrated within the tail cone of the gas turbine engine, operably connected to the low speed spool, utilizing a heat exchanger system with coolant conveying tubes to manage temperature and protect electrical connectors, and a heat rejection heat exchanger to efficiently remove heat.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Volume of moving object

If an electric generator is integrated within the tail cone of the gas turbine engine, then space utilization is improved and power generation capability is enhanced, but the high temperature environment in the tail cone creates thermal challenges that worsen the reliability of electrical connectors

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvespace utilizationVSAvoidtemperature
Core Design Contradiction:
Volume of moving objectVSTemperature

Solution Approach 1:

The patent divides the electrical connection system into separate segments: electrical connectors housed within sealed connector housings, individual coolant conduits for each connector, and thermal barriers. This segmentation isolates temperature-sensitive electrical components from the high-temperature tail cone environment while maintaining compact integration.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

Coolant serves as an intermediary substance that transfers heat away from electrical connectors through dedicated coolant conduits. The coolant acts as a thermal mediator between the hot tail cone environment and the temperature-sensitive electrical connectors, preventing direct thermal exposure.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Device complexity

If electrical connectors are placed in the high temperature tail cone environment to maintain compact design, then device complexity is reduced, but the reliability of electrical connections deteriorates due to thermal exposure

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedevice complexityVSAvoidreliability
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

Electrical connectors are nested within sealed connector housings that are themselves integrated into the tail cone structure. The coolant conduits are nested within or alongside the connector housings, creating a nested arrangement that protects electrical components while maintaining overall system compactness.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #7Nested doll (Nesting)

Solution Approach 2:

Sealed connector housings act as protective shells that enclose electrical connectors, isolating them from the harsh thermal environment. These housings provide a flexible barrier that maintains electrical connection integrity while allowing the overall system to remain compact and integrated.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #30Flexible shells and thin films

3Reliability

If coolant conduits are added to protect electrical connectors from heat, then reliability is improved, but device complexity and space requirements increase

Engineering Contradiction:
ImprovereliabilityVSAvoiddevice complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent merges multiple functions into integrated assemblies: connector housings that provide both electrical connection and thermal protection, and coolant conduits that are integrated with rather than separate from the connector structures. This merging reduces overall system complexity compared to having separate protection systems.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The connector housings serve multiple functions simultaneously: providing electrical connection pathways, sealing against environmental contaminants, and acting as thermal barriers. The coolant conduits serve dual purposes of cooling electrical connectors and potentially cooling other tail cone components, reducing the need for separate cooling systems.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This configuration allows for effective power generation from the low speed spool, mitigates temperature issues, and ensures reliable electrical connectivity while optimizing space usage within the engine.

Implementation Method 1

a coolant cavity (300) in thermal communication with the electrical connectors and operable to cool the electrical connectors

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectConvection: Convection

Implementation Method 2

a heat exchanger system with coolant conveying tubes to manage temperature

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHeat transfer: Heat Exchanger

Implementation Method 3

a heat rejection heat exchanger to efficiently remove heat

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHeat exchange: Heat Exchanger

Data Source

PatentEP3708787B1Fluid cooled electrical connections for tail cone mounted generator of a gas turbine engine
Publication Date: 2023.12.27 HAMILTON SUNDSTRAND CORP
  • EP3708787B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3708787B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3708787B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A gas turbine engine including: a tail cone (100); a low pressure compressor (44); a low pressure turbine (46); a low speed spool interconnecting the low pressure compressor and the low pressure turbine; and an electric generator (200) located within the tail cone (100), the electric generator (200) being operably connected to the low speed spool, wherein the electric generator includes a coolant cavity in thermal communication with one or more components of the electric generator (200); a structural support housing (280) at least partially enclosing the electric generator (200), the structural support housing (280) including a forward wall located on a forward end of the structural support housing, wherein the forward wall includes a first opening; a first coolant conveying tube (322) extending through the first opening to fluidly connect to the coolant cavity; and a first electrical connector tube (302) extending through the first opening within the first coolant conveying tube (322) to electrically connect to the electric generator (200).