Tailgating Detection Using Occultation Time Series Analysis
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current systems for detecting tailgating at control gates suffer from low accuracy and complexity, making them inefficient and costly.
Innovation Solution
A method and system that utilize occultation measurement by cameras to detect tailgating, where the occultation of references by subjects or objects passing through gates is analyzed to generate time series data for characterizing gate passages, allowing for real-time detection and improved monitoring of fraudulent access.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If complex 3D imaging systems are used to detect tailgating, then measurement precision is improved, but device complexity increases and cost becomes too intensive
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces complex 3D imaging systems with a simplified optical measurement system using a single camera and 2D reference grid. Instead of using multiple cameras for 3D reconstruction, the invention uses a single camera to capture 2D images of the reference grid occulted by passing subjects, substituting mechanical/optical complexity with a more straightforward imaging approach that achieves sufficient detection accuracy.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses a 2D reference grid (copy of a simplified spatial structure) attached to the gate instead of complex 3D spatial reconstruction. The reference grid serves as a planar copy of spatial relationships that can be captured in 2D images, eliminating the need for computationally intensive 3D reconstruction while maintaining the ability to detect multiple subjects passing through the gate.
2Measurement precision
If complex 3D imaging systems are used to detect tailgating, then measurement precision is improved, but loss of time increases due to complex processing
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces computationally intensive 3D image processing with simpler 2D image analysis. By using a single camera to capture 2D images of the reference grid occulted by subjects, the system avoids the time-consuming processes of 3D reconstruction and multiple camera synchronization, achieving real-time or near-real-time detection capability.
3Measurement precision
If multiple cameras are used to measure occultation, then measurement precision is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent makes a single camera perform multiple functions that would traditionally require multiple cameras: capturing spatial information, temporal information, and occultation data. The single camera is positioned and configured to simultaneously achieve all measurement goals through clever use of the reference grid and image analysis, eliminating the need for multiple camera systems.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses a 2D reference grid that encodes spatial information in a plane, allowing a single camera to capture what would otherwise require multiple cameras for 3D reconstruction. The reference grid acts as a information-rich copy of the gate structure that can be fully utilized from a single viewpoint.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach enables faster, simpler, and more efficient detection of tailgating, providing metrics for flow management and allowing real-time alerts, thereby enhancing security and reducing costs.
Implementation Method 1
measuring the occultation of at least one reference occulted by at least one subject and/or at least one object passing through at least one gate
Data Source
AI summary
A method for detecting tailgating of subjects and/or objects at gates by measuring the occultation of a reference occulted by a subject and/or an object passing through the gate A time series based on the measured occultation is generated and a parameter from the generated time series is determined for characterization of the subject and/or the object passing through the gate.