TaMLR1 Gene Knockout for Broad-Spectrum Wheat Disease Resistance
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional breeding methods for disease-resistant wheat face challenges such as reproductive isolation and cross-incompatibility, and rapid virulence variation of pathogens like Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici, making it difficult to achieve long-term control of diseases like wheat stripe rust.
Innovation Solution
Utilizing the wheat receptor-like protein kinase TaMLR1 through gene editing to enhance resistance, specifically by knocking out the TaMLR1 gene in wheat plants using CRISPR/Cas9 technology, thereby improving resistance to pathogens such as Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici, Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici, and Gibberella zeae.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional breeding methods are used to develop disease-resistant wheat varieties, then disease resistance can be improved, but the breeding cycle is extended and reproductive isolation and cross-incompatibility occur
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces conventional mechanical breeding methods (cross-pollination, selection, and reproduction cycles) with gene editing technology (CRISPR/Cas9). This substitution allows direct modification of the TaMLR1 susceptible gene to obtain disease-resistant varieties, completely eliminating the need for multi-generation breeding cycles and reproductive isolation issues while achieving broad-spectrum resistance to stripe rust, powdery mildew, and FHB.
2Reliability
If conventional breeding methods are used, then disease resistance can be enhanced, but cross-incompatibility and reproductive isolation make directional improvement difficult
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces complex mechanical breeding operations involving cross-compatibility checks, pollination control, and multi-generation selection with a straightforward gene editing process. The CRISPR/Cas9 system directly edits the TaMLR1 gene in the target variety, achieving directional improvement of disease resistance without any reproductive isolation or cross-incompatibility constraints.
3Reliability
If existing resistance genes are used, then some disease protection is achieved, but rapid virulence variation of pathogens overcomes resistance
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts and eliminates the susceptible TaMLR1 gene from the wheat genome using CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing. By removing this specific susceptible gene rather than introducing external resistance genes, the wheat plant develops enhanced broad-spectrum resistance that is not easily overcome by pathogen virulence variation, as the resistance mechanism is based on disabling the pathogen's entry point rather than relying on specific resistance gene-pathogen avirulence gene interactions.
Data Source
AI summary
This disclosure belongs to the technical field of bioengineering, and relates to a wheat receptor-like protein kinase TaMLR1 and use thereof. The wheat receptor-like protein kinase TaMLR1 provided by this application has the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1, and the open reading frame (ORF) sequence encoding the wheat receptor-like protein kinase TaMLR1 is set forth in SEQ ID NO: 2. In this disclosure, gene editing is conducted in a wild-type material Fielder to obtain a TaMLR1-edited mutant plant exhibiting resistance to Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici, Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici, and Gibberella zeae. This disclosure offers new technical approach for disease-resistant variety breeding, and confirms the negative regulatory role of the gene in wheat disease resistance, providing a new genetic resource for broad-spectrum disease-resistant breeding of wheat.