Perovskite-Silicon Tandem Cell With Down-Conversion for Current Matching
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Solution Overview
Problem
Two-terminal perovskite-crystalline silicon tandem solar cells optimized for AM1.5 standard solar spectrum exhibit current mismatch and low efficiency under non-AM1.5 illumination conditions, hindering standardized production and large-scale commercialization.
Innovation Solution
Incorporating a near-infrared light conversion layer, which is a down-conversion film, on the surface of the perovskite-crystalline silicon tandem solar cell to convert short wavelengths in sunlight into long wavelengths, aligning with the absorption characteristics of the perovskite top cell and crystalline silicon bottom cell.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If the two-terminal perovskite-crystalline silicon tandem solar cell is optimized based on the AM1.5 standard solar spectrum, then the conversion efficiency is maximized under standard conditions, but the cell exhibits current mismatch and low efficiency under non-AM1.5 illumination conditions
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces a light conversion layer as an intermediary component between the incident light and the solar cell. This layer converts short-wavelength light (which causes current mismatch) into long-wavelength light that matches the absorption characteristics of the perovskite and silicon subcells, thereby enabling the cell to maintain high efficiency under various illumination conditions without changing the cell structure itself
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the optical parameters of the incident light by introducing a light conversion layer with specific absorption and emission characteristics. The layer is designed to absorb short-wavelength light and emit long-wavelength light, effectively transforming the spectral distribution of incident light to match the tandem cell's current matching requirements
2Manufacturing precision
If the bandgap of perovskite and thickness of perovskite are optimized for current matching under AM1.5 spectrum, then the tandem structure achieves maximum efficiency, but the optimized structure becomes non-optimal when solar spectrum varies due to different regions and times
Solution Approach 1:
The patent performs preliminary spectral transformation before light reaches the tandem cell. By placing the light conversion layer in front of the cell, short-wavelength light is converted to long-wavelength light in advance, ensuring that the light incident on the cell already matches the optimized current matching characteristics of the tandem structure
Solution Approach 2:
The light conversion layer serves as a mediator that decouples the fixed optimized structure of the tandem cell from the variable solar spectrum. The intermediary layer adapts the varying spectrum to match the fixed optimal parameters of the cell, allowing the cell to maintain high efficiency without requiring structural adjustments
3Ease of manufacture
If the tandem solar cell structure is fixed with specific perovskite bandgap and thickness, then standardized production is facilitated, but the cell cannot adapt to different illumination conditions such as indoor lighting or sunrise/sunset spectra
Solution Approach 1:
The light conversion layer acts as a universal intermediary that can be paired with fixed tandem cell structures. This allows standardized production of the tandem cell while the interchangeable light conversion layer provides adaptability to different illumination conditions
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a universal solution where the light conversion layer can be applied to standard tandem cell structures to enable functionality across multiple illumination conditions. The layer serves multiple functions: spectral transformation, current matching enhancement, and adaptation to various light sources
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enhances the performance of the tandem solar cell under non-AM1.5 standard solar spectrum conditions by resolving current mismatch, maintaining high efficiency and facilitating standardized production and commercialization.
Implementation Method 1
the near-infrared light conversion layer is a down-conversion film
Implementation Method 2
a perovskite solar cell structure for absorbing visible light
Implementation Method 3
a crystalline silicon solar cell structure for absorbing near-infrared light
Data Source
Figure 1~2
Figure 3
Figure 4~5
AI summary
A two-terminal perovskite-silicon tandem solar cell and a preparation method therefor, which are applied to the technical field of perovskite solar cells. The two-terminal perovskite-silicon tandem solar cell comprises a perovskite-silicon tandem solar cell and a near-infrared-light conversion layer, wherein the perovskite-silicon tandem solar cell comprises a tandem solar cell sheet, which comprises a perovskite solar cell structure used for absorbing visible light, and a crystalline silicon solar cell structure used for absorbing near-infrared light; and the near-infrared-light conversion layer is arranged on the surface of a light-incident side of the perovskite-silicon tandem solar cell, and is a down-conversion thin film. Short-wavelength sunlight is converted into long-wavelength light by means of the near-infrared-light conversion layer, so as to solve the problem of current mismatch in a two-terminal perovskite-silicon tandem solar cell caused by illumination conditions with a high visible-light proportion, such that the two-terminal perovskite-silicon tandem solar cell has relatively high performance.