Perovskite-Silicon Tandem Cell Ohmic Contact for Lower Light Loss
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Solution Overview
Problem
The development of crystalline silicon/perovskite tandem cells is in its early stages and faces issues of poor uniformity, low performance, high light loss due to conductive adhesive layers, and lack of feasible designs for large-scale photovoltaic modules.
Innovation Solution
A tandem cell design where perovskite solar cells are stacked above crystalline silicon solar cells with a metal grid line connected to the first metal electrode, eliminating additional adhesive layers and enhancing conductivity through ohmic contact, allowing for various connection modes to form large-sized modules.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conductive adhesive layers are used to connect perovskite solar cells and crystalline silicon solar cells, then the cells can be connected, but light loss increases and conductivity decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent removes the conductive adhesive layer from the connection interface between perovskite and crystalline silicon solar cells. Instead, it uses a metal electrode directly on the perovskite cell that makes ohmic contact with the metal finger on the silicon cell, eliminating the adhesive layer that causes light loss and poor conductivity.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces a metal electrode as an intermediary element between the perovskite solar cell and the crystalline silicon solar cell. This metal electrode provides both mechanical support and electrical connection through ohmic contact, replacing the inadequate conductive adhesive layer.
2Reliability
If conductive adhesive layers are used to connect the cells, then connection is achieved, but contact resistance increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent removes the conductive adhesive layer that provides poor electrical contact. The metal electrode directly contacts the metal finger on the silicon cell, creating a low-resistance ohmic contact without the intermediary adhesive layer.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses a composite structure where a metal electrode is integrated with the perovskite solar cell architecture. This metal electrode-material composite provides both structural support and excellent electrical conductivity through ohmic contact with the silicon cell's metal finger.
3Strength
If additional adhesive layers are added for connection, then mechanical bonding is achieved, but manufacturing complexity and cost increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges the mechanical bonding function and electrical connection function into a single metal electrode structure. The metal electrode provides both mechanical support for the perovskite cell and electrical connection through ohmic contact, eliminating the need for separate adhesive layers.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent removes the additional adhesive layers that complicate manufacturing. The metal electrode alone provides sufficient mechanical bonding and electrical connection, simplifying the manufacturing process and reducing costs.
4Reliability
If conventional connection methods are used, then cells can be connected, but photoelectric conversion efficiency is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The patent removes the conductive adhesive layer that causes light loss and reduces photoelectric conversion efficiency. The direct ohmic contact between the metal electrode and metal finger maintains better optical performance while providing electrical connection.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses a transparent or translucent metal electrode that minimizes light absorption. This allows maximum light to reach the crystalline silicon solar cell while still providing electrical connection, thereby maintaining high photoelectric conversion efficiency.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Improves photoelectric conversion efficiency by reducing contact resistance and light loss, while lowering manufacturing costs and enabling large-scale photovoltaic applications.
Implementation Method 1
the metal grid line of the perovskite solar cell and the first metal electrode of the crystalline silicon solar cell are in ohmic contact
Implementation Method 2
a crystalline silicon solar cell and a perovskite solar cell stacked above the crystalline silicon solar cell
Data Source
Figure 1~2
Figure 3~4
Figure 5~6
AI summary
A tandem cell includes: a bottom cell, the bottom cell including a plurality of crystalline silicon solar cells, and a light receiving surface of each crystalline silicon solar cell being provided with a first metal electrode; and a top cell, the top cell including a plurality of perovskite solar cells, the perovskite solar cells being stacked above the light receiving surfaces of the crystalline silicon solar cells, metal electrodes being arranged on sides of the perovskite solar cells facing the light receiving surfaces of the crystalline silicon solar cells, and the metal grid lines of the perovskite solar cells being in contact connection with the first metal electrodes of the crystalline silicon solar cells.