Tapered Fluid Injection Valve Reducing Dead Volume
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing fuel injection valves for internal combustion engines face challenges in atomizing fuel spray effectively, leading to increased dead volume in the fluid chamber, which results in inaccurate fuel injection control and increased fuel consumption.
Innovation Solution
A fluid injection valve design featuring a valve body with a tapered cone-shaped inner surface and an injection port plate with strategically arranged injection ports, where the inner circumferential surface of the spacer forms a perimeter around the fuel chamber, reducing the chamber's cross-sectional area and minimizing dead volume by maintaining a distance from the injection ports.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Manufacturing precision
If a fuel chamber is formed between the valve seat and injection ports to promote atomization, then fuel atomization is improved, but dead volume increases and fuel injection control accuracy deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The fuel chamber's inner circumferential surface is designed to recede toward the injection ports in the radial direction, creating a tapered geometry that reduces cross-sectional area near the injection ports while maintaining sufficient volume for atomization. This dimensional variation allows the chamber to serve dual purposes: providing adequate space for fuel mixing and atomization while minimizing dead volume that would otherwise accumulate and compromise injection control accuracy.
2Measurement precision
If the fuel chamber cross-sectional area is reduced to decrease dead volume, then fuel injection control accuracy is improved, but fuel atomization performance may deteriorate
Solution Approach 1:
The fuel chamber is designed with non-uniform cross-sectional area along its length, featuring a larger cross-sectional area at the inlet end to accommodate fuel flow and a progressively smaller cross-sectional area toward the injection ports. This local variation in geometry ensures that the chamber provides sufficient volume for atomization where needed while minimizing dead volume near the injection ports to maintain control accuracy.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This design enhances fuel atomization, reduces the dead volume in the fuel chamber, and improves the accuracy of fuel injection control, limiting air-fuel ratio variations and maintaining a high atomization performance.
Implementation Method 1
fuel, which has flown on an inner circumferential surface of the valve body, passes through an opening portion of the valve body, then forms a spread flow in the fuel chamber
Implementation Method 2
By the fuel chamber provided between the valve seat and the injection ports, fuel, which has flown on an inner circumferential surface of the valve body, passes through an opening portion of the valve body, then forms a spread flow in the fuel chamber
Data Source
AI summary
A fluid injection valve has: a valve body that is provided with an opening portion at one axial end thereof and is for starting and stopping a supply of a fluid out of the opening portion; and an injection port plate having a plurality of injection ports that penetrate therethrough, the injection port plate being fixed on the one axial end of the valve body to form a fluid chamber between itself and the valve body to accumulate the fluid therein and to which at least a part of the injection ports opens. A circumferential surface of the fluid chamber recedes toward the injection ports so as to decrease a cross-sectional area of the fluid chamber that is taken along a radial direction of the injection port plate and to reserve a predetermined length of distance between itself and the injection ports.