Tapped Transformer Control to Minimize Rectifier Reactive Power

Resolve Bottlenecks,
Find Innovative Solutions
Generate Solutions

Solution Overview

Problem

Thyristor-based rectifiers in DC load systems, such as electrolysis systems, are unable to actively control reactive power, which poses challenges in maintaining grid stability, especially during network disturbances like voltage drops.

Innovation Solution

A reactive power supporting method for DC load systems in AC networks, which includes a tapped transformer with a tap changer and a control system that uses droop controls to minimize reactive power consumption by adjusting the tap position based on voltage and frequency monitoring.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If thyristor-based rectifiers are used for DC load systems, then efficiency and reliability are improved, but reactive power control capability deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
ImprovereliabilityVSAvoidreactive power control capability
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The patent introduces a reactive power compensator as an intermediary device between the thyristor-based rectifier and the AC network. This compensator actively compensates for the reactive power consumed by the rectifier, enabling the system to meet power factor requirements while maintaining the reliability benefits of thyristor-based technology.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Stress or pressure

If tap changer position is increased to adjust voltage, then voltage level is improved, but power factor deteriorates due to increased reactive power consumption

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvevoltage levelVSAvoidreactive power consumption
Core Design Contradiction:
Stress or pressureVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements a control system that continuously monitors the power factor and tap changer position, and automatically adjusts the tap changer to optimal positions. This feedback mechanism ensures that the transformer operates at positions that minimize reactive power consumption while maintaining adequate voltage levels, resolving the contradiction between voltage support and power factor maintenance.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

3Stability of the object's composition

If reactive power is reduced to support voltage during network disturbances, then grid stability is improved, but active power consumption must be reduced to minimum operational point

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvegrid stabilityVSAvoidactive power consumption
Core Design Contradiction:
Stability of the object's compositionVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The reactive power compensator acts as an intermediary that can independently provide or absorb reactive power without affecting the active power flow to the DC load. This allows the system to reduce reactive power consumption to support grid voltage stability during disturbances while maintaining normal active power consumption levels, avoiding the need to reduce production.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Data Source

PatentEP4554032A1Reactive power supporting function of DC load systems
Publication Date: 2025.05.14 SIEMENS ENERGY GLOBAL GMBH & CO KG
  • EP4554032A1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4554032A1 patent drawingFigure 2~3
  • EP4554032A1 patent drawing

AI summary

A reactive power supporting method for a DC load system (1) in an AC network (2), the DC load system (1) comprising a DC load unit (3) and a tapped transformer (4) with a tap changer (5) comprising several tap positions (6), a primary side (7) of the tapped transformer (4) being connected to the AC network (2) and a secondary side (8) of the tapped transformer (4) being connected to the DC load unit (3) via a rectifier (9) for supplying DC power to the DC load unit (3) with an input voltage to the rectifier (9) determined by the selection of a tap position (6) and a firing angle of a phase fired control (10), wherein if frequency or voltage of the AC network (2) are exceeding or falling below specified limits, the tap position (6) is selected such that the firing angle is as small as possible and thus the reactive power is minimized. The invention is also about a DC load system (1) with a reactive power supporting function for an AC network (2).