Target-Oriented Seismic Acquisition for High-Dip Fault Imaging
Find Innovative SolutionsGenerate Solutions
Solution Overview
Problem
Traditional seismic acquisition methods struggle to receive high-angle seismic waves due to high-dip faults, resulting in incomplete data and poor imaging of steep dip structures and fractures.
Innovation Solution
A target-oriented seismic acquisition method that adjusts the layout of shot points and receivers by adding more shot points in primary energy regions, allowing for the reception of high-angle waves and improving data quality.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If shot points and receivers are homogeneously laid on the ground, then the acquisition system is simple and easy to operate, but high-angle seismic waves cannot be received due to high-dip faults
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by transitioning from homogeneous to inhomogeneous distribution of shot points and receivers. The layout is optimized locally in specific regions to enhance reception of high-angle seismic waves reflected from steep dip interfaces, while maintaining reasonable coverage overall. This localized optimization resolves the contradiction by improving reliability in critical areas without requiring complete system redesign.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements dynamic adjustment of the seismic acquisition layout based on subsurface geological conditions. The shot point and receiver positions are adaptively configured according to the dip angles and structural characteristics of underground targets, allowing the system to dynamically optimize its configuration for different geological scenarios rather than using a fixed homogeneous pattern.
2Loss of information
If the number of shot points is increased in partial regions, then more effective underground information is obtained, but the acquisition cost and system complexity increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by concentrating additional shot points in specific regions where steep dip structures and high-angle reflections are expected, rather than uniformly increasing the number of shot points across the entire survey area. This targeted approach maximizes information gain about underground targets while minimizing the total increase in shot point quantity and associated costs.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs partial action by adding shot points only in critical regions where information deficiency occurs, rather than excessively increasing the total number of shot points across the entire survey area. This selective approach ensures sufficient information acquisition for target regions while avoiding unnecessary expenditure and complexity in areas where homogeneous coverage is adequate.
3Measurement precision
If conventional homogeneous seismic acquisition is used, then the acquisition process is simple and fast, but steep dip strata and fractures cannot be shown clearly
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by implementing inhomogeneous shot point and receiver distribution specifically in regions where steep dip structures are present or suspected. This localized optimization improves measurement precision for imaging clarity in critical areas without requiring complete redesign of the entire acquisition system, thus maintaining reasonable productivity.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs preliminary action by conducting wave field continuation and focusing analysis before the actual seismic acquisition to determine the optimal inhomogeneous layout. This pre-planning allows the system to be configured in advance for optimal imaging of steep dip structures, avoiding the need for complex real-time adjustments during data acquisition and maintaining productivity.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This method significantly enhances the detection of high-angle seismic waves, improving the imaging of complex structures and increasing the acquisition range to nearly 60 degrees, thereby improving the overall effectiveness of seismic data acquisition.
Implementation Method 1
conducting wave field continuation and focusing analysis on the three-dimensional seismic layout, and calculating distribution of the seismic energy on the ground in the underground target region
Implementation Method 2
seismic waves excited by the shot points on the ground can be reflected at a small angle and are received by the receivers; however, the seismic waves are reflected at a high angle due to high dipping fractures
Implementation Method 3
conducting large-step continuation by using FFD, and obtaining wave fields in various small layers between large steps by combining with Born-Kirchhoff interpolation at the same time
Implementation Method 4
obtaining wave fields in various small layers between large steps by combining with Born-Kirchhoff interpolation at the same time
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention relates to a target-oriented seismic acquisition method and apparatus, a medium and a device. The target-oriented seismic acquisition method comprises the steps of: giving parameters of an initial velocity model and a three-dimensional seismic layout aiming to an underground target position; conducting wave field continuation and focusing analysis on the three-dimensional seismic layout, and calculating distribution of seismic energy on the ground in an underground target region; conducting normalization processing on distribution of the seismic energy on the ground, and then conducting level partitioning to obtain a primary energy region and a secondary energy region; adding the number of shot points in the primary energy region to achieve target-oriented acquisition, and obtaining a target-oriented inhomogeneous laying acquired data imaging result. By using the method of the present invention, automatic feedback adjustment on excitation and receiving sites and parameters thereof is achieved.