TBM Cutter Head Three-Way Force Detection
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Solution Overview
Problem
Traditional TBM rock-breaking methods face challenges with high energy consumption and mechanical cutter wear due to difficulty in adjusting to varying strata conditions during tunnel construction, leading to inefficient rock-breaking and increased costs.
Innovation Solution
A combined rock-breaking TBM tunneling method that employs a mechanical-hydraulic cutter head with three-way force detection, allowing real-time adjustment of cutting parameters based on actual strata conditions using a three-way force sensor and lithology index center, optimizing energy consumption and efficiency.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If traditional mechanical constant cross-section disc cutters are used with fixed TBM parameters, then the structure is simple and easy to operate, but the rock-breaking efficiency is low and energy consumption is high due to inability to adjust to different lithological types
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies dynamics by making the cutter head structure adjustable and adaptable to different working conditions. The cutter head can change its configuration based on lithological types, transforming from a static fixed-parameter system to a dynamic adjustable system that optimizes rock-breaking efficiency for different geological conditions
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements parameter changes by modifying cutter head parameters such as cutter spacing, penetration depth, and cutter arrangement based on different lithological types. This allows the system to adapt its operational parameters to match the mechanical properties of the rock being excavated, thereby improving rock-breaking efficiency while managing structural complexity
2Use of energy by moving object
If TBM penetration is fixed and not adjusted during construction, then the operation is simple, but energy consumption increases and cutter wear accelerates due to mismatch between TBM parameters and actual strata conditions
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies feedback by implementing a monitoring and adjustment system that detects actual strata conditions during construction and uses this information to optimize TBM parameters in real-time. The system continuously monitors cutting forces, rock properties, and energy consumption, then adjusts penetration and other parameters accordingly to minimize energy waste and cutter wear
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements self-service by enabling the TBM system to automatically adjust its own parameters based on real-time feedback from the construction environment. The system performs self-optimization of penetration depth, cutter speed, and other parameters without requiring constant manual intervention, thereby reducing energy consumption and cutter wear while maintaining operational simplicity
3Productivity
If existing TBM cutter heads are used without modification, then the device complexity remains low, but the rock-breaking efficiency is suboptimal for complex strata conditions and real-time adaptation is not possible
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies dynamics by transforming the static cutter head design into a dynamic system that can adapt its configuration based on real-time detection of strata conditions. The cutter head parameters such as penetration depth, cutter arrangement, and spacing can be adjusted dynamically to match the mechanical properties of different rock types, thereby improving rock-breaking efficiency for complex strata
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements parameter changes by systematically modifying cutter head parameters including penetration depth, cutter spacing, and cutter arrangement based on detected lithological types. This enables the system to optimize its rock-breaking performance for different geological conditions while maintaining a manageable level of device complexity through structured parameter adjustment
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This method reduces energy consumption and mechanical wear by adjusting cutting parameters in real-time, enhancing rock-breaking efficiency and extending cutter head life, while maintaining high industrial feasibility without significant changes to existing TBM designs.
Implementation Method 1
subjecting a three-way force detection cutter to squeezing forces... feeding back three-way force data by a three-way force sensor
Implementation Method 2
pushing and pressing against a tunnel face by a mechanical cutter tool... breaking rock by the combined mechanical-hydraulic rock-breaking cutter head
Implementation Method 3
The TBM overall advancement cutter mechanism comprises at least a mechanical cutter tool and a high-pressure water jet nozzle structure
Data Source
AI summary
Disclosed a combined rock-breaking TBM tunneling method in complex strata for realizing three-way force detection, comprising the steps of preparing a combined mechanical-hydraulic rock-breaking cutter head for TBM construction; starting construction; advancing the combined mechanical-hydraulic rock-breaking cutter head; pushing and pressing against a tunnel face by a mechanical cutter tool; subjecting a three-way force detection cutter to squeezing forces; feeding back three-way force data by a three-way force sensor; processing information by a TBM back-end control processor; obtaining a value of rock-cutter contact angle φ; feeding back parameter information to a TBM cutter head control center by a lithology index center; responding by the TBM cutter head control center, obtaining and adjusting parameters by the mechanical cutter tool equipped with the three-way force sensor; and breaking rock by the combined mechanical-hydraulic rock-breaking cutter head. The method disclosed is energy-saving and efficient, and has high rock-breaking efficiency.