TDD Antenna Apparatus With Separate Tx Rx Circuits
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional time-division duplex (TDD) antenna systems experience significant signal loss and elevated noise figures, limiting uplink coverage due to the connection of transmitter and receiver circuits through cables, which increases thermal noise and reduces signal power.
Innovation Solution
A TDD antenna apparatus with separate transmitter and receiver circuits, where the low noise amplifier (LNA) is positioned between the reception antenna and filter, eliminating the need for a transmission and reception switch and minimizing signal loss by using distinct paths for downlink and uplink signals.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If the transmitter and receiver circuits are connected through a cable in a conventional TDD antenna system, then the system can share one antenna for both transmission and reception, but signal loss increases and noise figure deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent divides the antenna system into separate transmitter and receiver circuits with independent signal paths. The transmitter circuit includes a power amplifier and transmission filter connected to a transmission antenna, while the receiver circuit includes an LNA and reception filter connected to a reception antenna. This segmentation eliminates the need for a shared antenna and cable connection between transmitter and receiver, thereby reducing signal loss and improving noise figure while maintaining the ability to share physical antenna resources through time-division multiplexing.
2Adaptability or versatility
If a transmission and reception switch is used to separate transmission and reception signals in a conventional TDD system, then signal sharing is enabled, but additional signal loss occurs at the switch
Solution Approach 1:
The patent removes the transmission and reception switch from the signal path by extracting this component from the conventional TDD system. Instead of using a switch to separate transmission and reception signals, the invention employs separate dedicated transmission and reception antennas with independent circuits. This extraction eliminates the signal loss that would occur at the switch while maintaining the time-division duplexing functionality through separate antenna elements.
3Device complexity
If the LNA is positioned far from the reception antenna through a cable connection, then the receiver circuit can be integrated with other components, but thermal noise increases and noise figure deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by placing the LNA in close proximity to the reception antenna, forming a localized receiver circuit that minimizes the distance between the antenna and amplifier. This local arrangement reduces the cable length and eliminates intermediate connections, thereby minimizing thermal noise introduction and improving the noise figure. The LNA is positioned to directly amplify the signal from the reception antenna before the signal travels through longer cables to other receiver components.
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention relates to a time-division duplex (TDD) antenna apparatus which can reduce signal loss, and thereby minimize the noise figure (NF) of a system and extend uplink coverage of the system, by separating a transmitter circuit from a receiver circuit of the antenna apparatus, and disposing a low noise amplifier (LNA) of the receiver circuit between a reception antenna and a reception filter of the receiver. A time-division duplex antenna apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a transmitter which includes at least one transmission antenna module and transmits a downlink signal through a first path; a receiver which includes at least one reception antenna module and receives an uplink signal through a second path that is separated from the first path without any overlapping portions thereof; and a controller which controls the transmitter and the receiver in a time-division duplex manner.