Multi-layer Technical Yarn with Opposite Winding for Cut Resistance
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing yarns for protective fabrics lack sufficient mechanical characteristics, particularly cut strength and workability, making them inadequate for high-performance technical garments like work gloves.
Innovation Solution
A yarn structure comprising a core filament with two overlapping threads wound in opposite directions and a third thread twisted with open coiling, providing a closed and open coiling configuration, respectively, to enhance cut strength and softness, using materials like glass, polyester, polyamide, and high-tenacity fibers.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Strength
If existing yarn structures are used for protective fabrics, then manufacturing is simpler, but cut strength and mechanical characteristics are insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The yarn employs a nested multi-layer structure where an inner core (glass fiber or elastic filament) is surrounded by an inner thread, which is in turn covered by a first wound thread, and finally an outer wound thread. This nested configuration allows each layer to contribute specific mechanical properties, achieving high cut strength through the combination of rigid glass fibers in the core and flexible protective threads in the outer layers.
Solution Approach 2:
The yarn combines multiple materials with different properties: glass fibers (for rigidity and cut resistance), elastic filaments like Lycra (for flexibility and recovery), and synthetic threads like polyester or polyamide (for durability and comfort). This composite structure integrates the advantages of each material to achieve superior mechanical characteristics that single-material yarns cannot provide.
2Strength
If high-tenacity fibers are used to increase cut strength, then mechanical properties improve, but fabric softness and workability may deteriorate
Solution Approach 1:
Different regions of the yarn are assigned different qualities: the inner core contains high-tenacity glass fibers for cut strength, while the outer layers incorporate softer synthetic threads and elastic filaments for comfort and workability. This spatial differentiation of material properties allows the yarn to simultaneously achieve high strength and softness, with the outer layers providing the tactile comfort needed for garment wearability.
Solution Approach 2:
The composite structure combines rigid high-tenacity glass fibers with flexible elastic filaments and soft synthetic threads. The glass fibers provide the necessary cut resistance, while the elastic and synthetic components ensure the fabric remains soft and comfortable for actual use in protective garments.
3Strength
If multiple threads are wound in opposite directions to enhance strength, then mechanical characteristics improve, but manufacturing complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The yarn manufacturing process employs periodic winding actions where threads are wound in alternating directions around the core. The first wound thread winds in one direction, then the second wound thread winds in the opposite direction. This periodic alternation of winding directions creates a balanced structural configuration that enhances mechanical properties while following a systematic manufacturing pattern.
4Strength
If a third thread with open coiling is added to provide holding action, then cut resistance improves, but yarn complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The third thread is positioned specifically in the outermost layer of the yarn structure, where it provides a holding action that secures the underlying layers. This strategic placement of the third thread in the outer region allows it to effectively enhance cut resistance without requiring fundamental changes to the entire yarn architecture, thus limiting the increase in overall complexity.
Data Source
Figure 1~6
AI summary
The present invention relates to a yarn (1) comprising an inner glass filament (2) covered by a first thread (4) wound in a first winding direction, on which a second thread (6) is wound, which is wound in an opposite direction to the first thread. The wound yarn is twisted on a third thread (8a) and/or a fourth thread (8b), which are twisted in an opposite twisting direction to the second thread. The yarn is suitable for making technical fabrics having high cut strength and abrasion resistance.