Blockchain Data Storage Using TEE Erasure Coding and Hash Replacement
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Solution Overview
Problem
Distributed ledger systems (DLSs) face challenges in efficiently storing blockchain data, leading to high resource consumption and data inequality among nodes, as each node stores an entire copy of the blockchain, which results in storage inefficiency and potential security risks due to uneven data distribution.
Innovation Solution
Implementing error correction coding (ECC) in trusted execution environments (TEEs) to encode blockchain data, allowing nodes to store a subset of encoded blocks and share the remainder, with hash values used for authentication and data recovery, reducing storage burden and maintaining data equality.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If every node stores an entire copy of the blockchain, then data completeness is improved, but storage resource consumption increases and data inequality arises
Solution Approach 1:
The patent divides blockchain data into multiple segments using erasure coding, where the original data is split into k data blocks and n-k parity blocks. Nodes store only their assigned segments rather than complete copies, reducing individual storage requirements while maintaining collective data completeness through the distributed segment structure.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent transforms the storage parameter from storing complete data copies to storing encoded data segments with specific redundancy ratios. By applying erasure coding parameters (k, n), the system changes the storage configuration to achieve optimal balance between storage efficiency and data recovery capability, allowing nodes to store fewer bytes while preserving data integrity.
2Ease of operation
If every node stores an entire copy of the blockchain, then data availability is improved, but data inequality and security risks increase
Solution Approach 1:
By segmenting blockchain data across multiple nodes through erasure coding, the patent ensures that no single node holds the complete data set, preventing data inequality. Data availability is maintained because any k out of n segments can reconstruct the original data, while security is improved by eliminating single points of failure and reducing the impact of compromised nodes.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent incorporates redundancy through erasure coding parity blocks as a preventive measure against data loss. This beforehand cushioning ensures that even if some nodes fail or are compromised, the original data can be recovered from the remaining segments, thus protecting data security and availability without requiring every node to store complete copies.
3Reliability
If error correction coding is performed on each node, then data security is improved, but computational overhead increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies erasure coding in advance during the data ingestion phase, encoding blockchain data into segments before distribution to nodes. This preliminary action ensures data security is established upfront, and nodes only need to perform lightweight operations for storing and retrieving segments, avoiding repeated heavy computational overhead during normal operations.
Solution Approach 2:
Instead of each node independently performing error correction coding, the patent creates encoded copies of the data through erasure coding segments. These pre-encoded segments are distributed to nodes, which then store and share them without needing to perform complex coding operations, significantly reducing computational overhead while maintaining data security through the inherent redundancy of the encoded segments.
Data Source
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AI summary
Disclosed herein are methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on computer storage media, for storing blockchain data. One of the methods includes receiving a request from an application component of a blockchain node to execute one or more software instructions in a trusted execution environment (TEE); determining one or more blocks stored on the blockchain node for executing the one or more software instructions; performing error correction coding of the one or more blocks in the TEE to generate one or more encoded blocks; dividing each of the one or more encoded blocks to a plurality of datasets based on the one or more software instructions; selecting one or more datasets from the plurality of datasets of each of the one or more encoded blocks based on the one or more software instructions; and hashing the one or more datasets to generate one or more hash values corresponding to the one or more datasets, the one or more hash values being used for replacing the one or more datasets to save storage space of the blockchain node.