Telescope Guiding via Auxiliary Wide-Field Optical Detection
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Solution Overview
Problem
Astronomical observations and telescope guiding systems are disrupted by bright, fast-moving objects such as satellites and aircraft, which cause interference and inaccuracies in star positioning and image capture.
Innovation Solution
The method involves using an optical observation device with a wider field of observation than the telescope to detect and register bright objects, determine their speed and direction, and then use this information to guide the telescope and protect it from interference by eliminating or reducing the impact of these objects on the photodetector matrix.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Object-affected harmful factors
If an additional shutter is used to interrupt the arrival of the image on the matrix during the presence of disturbance, then the interference from bright satellites is reduced, but the device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The system performs preliminary detection of bright fast-moving objects using a separate optical observation device before they enter the telescope's field of observation. The coordinates and timing of these objects are determined in advance, allowing the telescope control system to prepare protective actions (such as adjusting the field of observation or activating shutters) before the interference actually occurs, thereby reducing the need for complex real-time intervention mechanisms
Solution Approach 2:
An intermediate optical observation device is introduced that operates independently from the main telescope. This intermediary device detects bright fast-moving objects and provides advance warning information to the telescope control system, allowing the telescope to take protective measures without requiring complex real-time detection and response mechanisms integrated into the main observation path
2Adaptability or versatility
If the field of observation of the optical observation device is made wider to detect fast-moving objects, then the detection capability improves, but the measurement precision of star positions deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The observation system is segmented into two independent components: an optical observation device with a wide field of observation for detecting fast-moving objects, and the main telescope with a narrow, precise field of observation for measuring star positions. Each component is optimized for its specific function, allowing the wide-field device to detect objects without compromising the precision measurements of the main telescope
Solution Approach 2:
The optical observation device serves as an intermediary that handles the detection of fast-moving objects, allowing the main telescope to maintain its precise field of observation for star position measurements. The intermediary device provides information about fast-moving objects without requiring the main telescope to expand its field of observation, thus preserving measurement precision
3Reliability
If real-time detection and protection measures are implemented, then the reliability of observations is improved, but the response time and system complexity increase
Solution Approach 1:
The system implements preliminary detection of bright fast-moving objects using the optical observation device, determining their coordinates and trajectories before they enter the telescope's field of observation. This advance detection allows the control system to prepare protective measures in advance, reducing the response time when the objects actually enter the observation field while maintaining high reliability
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach enhances the accuracy of telescope movement and reduces interference from bright fast-moving objects, thereby improving the efficiency and reliability of both ground and space-based telescopes.
Implementation Method 1
bright objects are registered at the output of an optical observation device, the speed and direction of movement of which are determined
Data Source
AI summary
Method for supporting operation of a telescope in presence of bright, fast-moving objects, and a device for carrying out the method. When telescope is in operation, its orientation toward a field of observation is determined; an optical observation device is mounted in vicinity of the telescope, the device having field of observation with radius 1-10 degrees larger than field of observation of the telescope; optical observation device is oriented toward field of observation of the telescope; and bright objects are registered and direction and speed of movement thereof are determined. Objects having a speed and direction of movement indicating they are stars are identified, and this data is used for guiding the telescope and optical observation device. Artificial space objects and flying objects are identified, their parameters are determined and used for protecting the results of telescope observations from optical radiation from bright, fast-moving objects, mitigating those effects.