Telescopic Disconnector Switch for Compact Three-Position Earthing

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing switchgears face challenges in providing a reliable and compact design with a small footprint, while ensuring improved dielectric performance and ease of maintenance, particularly in achieving a three-position disconnector and earthing switch configuration.

Innovation Solution

The implementation of a telescopic or retractable contact in the disconnector and earthing switch, which allows the disconnector blade to pivot between three positions, including a closed, isolation, and earthed position, utilizing a compliant member to adjust the blade's length and an insulating support to reduce dielectric failure risks, thereby maintaining adequate clearance and improving dielectric performance.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Ease of repair

If a three-position disconnector and earthing switch is provided, then the ease of maintenance and in-situ testing is improved, but the device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveease of maintenanceVSAvoiddevice complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of repairVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent combines the disconnector switch and earthing switch into a single integrated device with a common operating mechanism. The single disconnector blade serves dual functions: acting as a live conductor in the closed position and as an earthing conductor when connected to the earthing contact, thereby merging two separate switching functions into one device.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The disconnector blade is designed to perform multiple functions: it serves as the live conductor during normal operation, becomes the earthing conductor when connected to the earthing contact, and provides mechanical linkage for the operating mechanism. This multi-functionality reduces the need for separate dedicated components.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

2Volume of moving object

If the disconnector blade is made telescopic, then the footprint of the switchgear is reduced, but the manufacturing precision requirements increase

Engineering Contradiction:
ImprovefootprintVSAvoidmanufacturing precision
Core Design Contradiction:
Volume of moving objectVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The disconnector blade is designed as a telescopic structure that dynamically changes its length based on the switch position. In the closed position, the blade is extended to maintain adequate clearance from the earthing contact. In the isolated position, the blade is retracted to minimize the footprint and allow the operating mechanism to maneuver. This dynamic adjustment resolves the conflict between maintaining clearance and reducing footprint.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The telescopic blade employs a nested structure where one portion of the blade is inserted within another portion, allowing the blade to compact into a smaller volume when retracted. This nesting arrangement enables the blade to achieve both extended and retracted configurations within a compact overall structure.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #7Nested doll (Nesting)

3Reliability

If the disconnector blade is retracted in the isolated position, then the dielectric performance is improved, but the clearance maintenance becomes more difficult

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedielectric performanceVSAvoidclearance maintenance
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSEase of operation

Solution Approach 1:

The operating mechanism is designed to automatically control the telescopic blade's extension and retraction based on the switch position. When transitioning to the isolated position, the mechanism automatically retracts the blade to the appropriate degree, eliminating the need for manual adjustment or complex external control systems. The blade self-adjusts its length in response to the mechanism's operation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This configuration facilitates a compact and reliable switchgear with improved dielectric performance, enabling easier in-situ testing and maintenance, while reducing the risk of dielectric failure.

Implementation Method 1

a compliant member disposed within the guide hole and configured to bias the inner contact out of the guide hole. Optionally, in response to an external force applied in a first direction and to the second end of the disconnector blade, the inner contact is configured to slide in the first direction within the guide hole of the outer contact and the compliant member is configured to bias the inner contact in a direction opposite the first direction. Optionally, the compliant member is a compression spring.

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElasticity: Elasticity

Data Source

PatentEP4432323B1Disconnector and earthing switch with telescopic contact
Publication Date: 2025.12.03 EATON INTELLIGENT POWER LTD
  • EP4432323B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4432323B1 patent drawingFigure 2A~2C
  • EP4432323B1 patent drawingFigure 3A~3B

AI summary

Disclosed herein is a device (100, 200) comprising. The device (100, 200) comprises: one or more switching mechanisms (110) configured to disconnect a power supply from a load; and one or more disconnector and earthing switches (330), each disconnector and earthing switch (330) associated with a respective switching mechanism (110). Each disconnector and earthing switch (330) comprising a telescopic disconnector blade (332, 432) having a first end and a second end, wherein the disconnector blade (332, 432) is configured to pivot around the first end between three different positions. The three positions comprise: a first position in which the disconnector and earthing switch (330) is closed and the power supply is connected to the load through the disconnector blade (332, 432); a second, isolation, position in which the disconnector and earthing switch (330) is open and the power supply is disconnected from the load; and a third position in which the power supply is disconnected from the load and a second end of the disconnector blade (332, 432) is electrically connected to an earthing contact (336). Such a disconnector and earthing switch (330) (also termed an earthing disconnection switch) can be termed a 3PS switch (three position disconnector and earthing switch).