Telescopic Floating Diffuser for Thermal Storage

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current thermal energy storage systems face challenges in maintaining thermal stratification within storage tanks, particularly due to convective movements during the injection and withdrawal of heat transfer fluids, which disrupts the temperature gradient and leads to inefficient energy storage and retrieval.

Innovation Solution

A heat transfer fluid distribution system with a mass volume density matching that of the fluid, allowing the distribution system to float at different thermal strata, minimizing disturbance during charging and discharging operations, and featuring a progressive passage section to reduce fluid speed and prevent mixing, thus maintaining stratification without external assistance.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Ease of operation

If heat transfer fluid is injected or withdrawn using conventional fixed distribution systems, then fluid distribution function is achieved, but thermal stratification is disrupted due to convective movements

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefluid distributionVSAvoidthermal stratification
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSStability of the object's composition

Solution Approach 1:

The distribution system employs a movable diffuser element that can dynamically adjust its position within the thermal storage tank. The diffuser moves vertically along a guide element to reach different thermal strata, enabling fluid distribution at multiple levels while adapting to changing operational requirements without disrupting thermal stratification.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The diffuser element utilizes natural buoyancy forces to move autonomously between thermal strata based on temperature differences. By matching the density of the diffuser to that of the heat transfer fluid, the system achieves self-driven movement without external mechanical assistance, allowing the diffuser to automatically position itself at the appropriate thermal level.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

2Ease of operation

If conventional fixed distribution systems are used, then fluid injection and withdrawal is enabled, but maintenance complexity increases due to fixed infrastructure

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefluid injection and withdrawalVSAvoidmaintenance needs
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The system replaces fixed distribution infrastructure with a dynamic, movable diffuser that travels along a simple guide element. This reduces the complexity of fixed piping and distribution networks while enabling the same fluid injection and withdrawal functions through the diffuser's movement to different positions in the tank.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

3Productivity

If fluid is injected at high speed, then distribution efficiency is improved, but mixing occurs that disrupts thermal stratification

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedistribution efficiencyVSAvoidthermal stratification
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSStability of the object's composition

Solution Approach 1:

The diffuser element features a specific geometric design with multiple outlets arranged to create localized, gentle fluid release. This local quality of the diffuser structure allows efficient fluid distribution while minimizing turbulence and mixing, preserving the thermal stratification in the surrounding regions of the tank.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

4Measurement precision

If a telescopic distribution system is used to reach different thermal strata, then temperature control precision is improved, but system complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetemperature control precisionVSAvoidsystem structure
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The telescopic diffuser system achieves precise temperature control by utilizing natural buoyancy-driven movement. The diffuser autonomously positions itself at the appropriate thermal stratum based on temperature and density differences, eliminating the need for complex external actuation mechanisms while maintaining precise temperature control capability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This solution effectively prevents thermal destratification, reduces maintenance needs, and enhances the efficiency of thermal energy storage by allowing precise temperature control and distribution within the storage tank, optimizing energy storage and retrieval processes.

Implementation Method 1

A heat transfer fluid distribution system with a mass volume density matching that of the fluid, allowing the distribution system to float at different thermal strata

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectBuoyancy: Archimedes' Principle (Buoyancy)

Implementation Method 2

featuring a progressive passage section to reduce fluid speed and prevent mixing, thus maintaining stratification

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectFluid flow reduction:

Data Source

PatentEP3271633B1Telescopic and floating system for distributing heat transfer fluid for a thermal energy storage device
Publication Date: 2020.08.26 COMMISSARIAT A LENERGIE ATOMIQUE ET AUX ENERGIES ALTERNATIVES
  • EP3271633B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP3271633B1 patent drawingFigure 3A~4B
  • EP3271633B1 patent drawingFigure 5~6

AI summary

The invention mainly relates to a distribution system (1) for distributing heat transfer fluid for a thermal energy storage device comprising a stratified thermal storage tank, characterised in that the system has a telescopic shape, comprising a plurality of distribution elements (2a-2e) nested inside one another, in order to enable the deployment and/or retraction of the distribution system (1) for distributing heat transfer fluid within a target thermal stratum of the tank having a temperature substantially equal to the temperature of the distributed heat transfer fluid, at least one of the distribution elements (2a-2e) comprising a diffuser element (3), and in that the solid density of the solid part of the distribution system (1) is substantially equal to the fluid density of the fluid part of the distribution system (1) in order to allow floating of said diffuser element (3) at the level of said target thermal stratum.