Telescopic Shaft Hoisting Machine for Elevator Space Optimization
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing elevator installations face challenges in efficiently utilizing space due to the fixed size and shape of counterweightless elevators, leading to inadequate adaptation to varying elevator car and hoistway dimensions, and excessive deceleration during emergency stops due to friction issues with traction sheaves.
Innovation Solution
A coggedless hoisting machine with a telescopic rotating shaft and permanent-magnet synchronous motor, featuring adjustable traction sheaves and a modular design that allows for flexible positioning and braking system distribution to optimize space usage and reduce deceleration forces.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Volume of moving object
If the size of the traction sheave is reduced to decrease the hoisting machine size, then the output-to-volume ratio increases and size decreases, but the friction of the hoisting roping on the traction sheave decreases leading to grip issues
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the traditional friction-based mechanical grip system with a cogged wheel and cogged belt system. The teeth of the cogged belt engage with the grooves of the cogged wheel, providing positive mechanical interlocking that ensures reliable grip without depending on friction forces. This substitution allows the use of smaller traction sheaves while maintaining adequate grip during emergency stops and normal operation.
2Reliability
If cogged wheels are used to improve grip, then the hoisting roping does not slip on the traction sheave, but the deceleration of an upward-moving elevator car increases to be unnecessarily large during emergency stop
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs a telescopic shaft with adjustable length to dynamically adapt the distance between the two cogged wheels. By adjusting the shaft length, the system can optimize the positioning and spacing of the cogged wheels to match specific elevator car widths and hoistway dimensions. This dynamic adaptability allows the system to achieve reliable grip while controlling deceleration characteristics for different operating conditions and emergency stop scenarios.
3Area of stationary object
If counterweightless elevators are used to increase space availability, then larger elevator car can be fitted or smaller cross-sectional area is required, but the space reservation for the elevator cannot be adjusted by changing the size/shape of the counterweight
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses a telescopic shaft mechanism that allows the distance between the two traction sheaves to be adjusted. This dynamic adjustment capability enables the hoisting machine to adapt to different elevator car widths and hoistway dimensions, providing versatility in space utilization without requiring a counterweight. The adjustable shaft length allows optimization of the roping arrangement for various space constraints.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs a dual-traction-sheave configuration with separate cogged wheels on each end of the shaft, each driving its own cogged belt. This segmentation allows independent optimization of each roping path and enables flexible adaptation to different hoistway widths and car sizes, enhancing the system's versatility in counterweightless elevator applications.
4Volume of moving object
If the hoisting machine is designed to be thin in the radial direction to fit in the elevator hoistway, then space utilization improves, but the braking system distribution and controllability become more challenging
Solution Approach 1:
The patent divides the braking function into two separate machinery brakes, with each brake associated with one end of the shaft and its corresponding cogged wheel. This segmentation of the braking system allows for distributed brake force application, improving controllability and enabling independent brake control for each side of the dual-belt system, while maintaining a compact radial profile.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution enables efficient space utilization by adapting to different elevator car and hoistway dimensions and reduces excessive deceleration during emergency stops by distributing braking forces effectively, enhancing the durability and controllability of the hoisting mechanism.
Implementation Method 1
The rotor comprises permanent magnets, the magnetic flux produced by which crosses the air gap between the rotor and the stator in essentially the radial direction
Data Source
Figure 1a
Figure 1b
Figure 2
AI summary
The invention relates to a hoisting machine of an elevator and also to an elevator installation comprising an elevator hoisting machine according to the invention. The hoisting machine (1) comprises a machine frame (2), inside which is an electric motor comprising a concentric stator and rotor. The rotor comprises permanent magnets, the magnetic flux produced by which crosses the air gap between the rotor and the stator in essentially the radial direction. The rotor is attached to a rotating shaft (3), which continues to outside the machine frame (2) from both ends of the machine frame (2), and at both ends of the rotating shaft (3) are traction sheaves (4A, 4B) for receiving the hoisting roping (5A, 5B) of the elevator.