Temporal Direct Motion Vector Selection for Video Compression

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional moving picture coding methods face challenges in deriving the most suitable motion vector for temporal direct coding, leading to decreased compression rates due to limitations on motion vectors that can only refer forward in display order.

Innovation Solution

A method that allows adaptive selection of motion vectors by determining the presence of forward or backward reference motion vectors in the reference picture, calculating candidate motion vectors through scaling, and coding the current block using the most suitable vector, along with error information to enhance compression efficiency.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Device complexity

If motion vectors are limited to refer only forward in display order, then the coding structure is simplified, but the compression rate decreases due to inability to select the most suitable motion vector

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvecoding structureVSAvoidcompression rate

Core Design Contradiction:

Device complexityVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent introduces dynamic adaptability to the motion vector selection process by enabling reference blocks to have multiple reference motion vectors (both forward and backward in display order). The system dynamically selects the most suitable motion vector based on the specific coding context, transforming the static forward-only reference into a dynamic multi-directional reference system that adapts to different motion scenarios.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes the parameter of reference direction by allowing motion vectors to reference both forward and backward pictures in display order. This parameter change enables the system to select from a broader range of motion vectors, improving compression efficiency while maintaining coding structure through standardized processing of the extended reference set.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #35Parameter changes

2Productivity

If adaptive selection of motion vectors is enabled, then the compression rate increases, but the device complexity increases due to additional determination and calculation processes

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvecompression rateVSAvoidcoding structure

Core Design Contradiction:

ProductivityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies preliminary action by pre-determining the presence of forward and backward reference motion vectors in the reference picture before actual motion vector selection. This preliminary determination step organizes the reference motion vectors in advance, allowing the adaptive selection process to proceed efficiently without excessive complexity during the actual coding phase.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The patent replaces complex mechanical search processes with a more efficient determination and scaling mechanism. Instead of exhaustive motion estimation for all possible reference blocks, the system determines the presence of reference motion vectors and calculates candidate motion vectors through scaling operations, reducing computational complexity while maintaining compression efficiency.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

3Manufacturing precision

If candidate motion vectors are calculated through scaling, then the coding precision improves, but the processing time increases

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvecoding precisionVSAvoidprocessing time

Core Design Contradiction:

Manufacturing precisionVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The patent uses copying by creating candidate motion vectors through scaling operations that replicate and adapt reference motion vectors to the current block's temporal distance. This copying approach with scaling allows the system to generate precise candidate motion vectors without performing full motion estimation, significantly reducing processing time while maintaining coding precision.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #26Copying

Data Source

PatentUS20260059133A1Moving picture coding method and moving picture decoding method using a determination whether or not a reference block has two reference motion vectors that refer forward in display order with respect to a current picture

Publication Date: 2026.02.26 SUN PATENT TRUST

AI summary

A moving picture coding apparatus includes: an inter prediction control unit which determines to code a motion vector using, among candidate predicted motion vectors, a candidate predicted motion vector having the least error with relative to a motion vector derived by motion estimation; a picture type determination unit which generates picture type information; a temporal direction vector calculation unit which derives a candidate predicted motion vector in temporal direct; and a co-located reference direction determination unit which generates, for each picture, a co-located reference direction flag.