Terminally Modified Diene Polymer Pseudo Crosslinking
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing methods for enhancing rubber polymer properties, such as crosslinking density and mechanical strength, face challenges like decreased strength due to water absorption and high costs or low compatibility of certain molecules, which complicates controlling functional group introduction.
Innovation Solution
A terminally modified diene-based polymer is produced by reacting a diene-based polymer with ketone or aldehyde groups using an aminophosphonic acid compound, which introduces pseudo crosslinks and improves mechanical properties through oxidative cleavage and terminal modification.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Strength
If ionic functional groups are introduced to improve mechanical strength, then mechanical strength is improved, but water absorption increases causing strength decrease
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses phosphonic acid groups instead of ionic functional groups to achieve crosslinking. Phosphonic acid groups provide sufficient mechanical strength improvement through pseudo crosslinking without the harmful water absorption effect of ionic groups, effectively replacing a problematic solution with a superior alternative.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the chemical nature of the functional group from ionic (carboxy ions) to non-ionic (phosphonic acid groups). This parameter change in the chemical structure allows achieving crosslinking and mechanical strength improvement while eliminating the water absorption problem associated with ionic groups.
2Strength
If host-guest molecules are introduced to form crosslinked structure, then mechanical strength is improved, but cost increases and rubber compatibility decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces expensive host molecules like cyclodextrin with simple phosphonic acid compounds that are inexpensive and provide effective crosslinking. This substitution dramatically reduces cost while maintaining or improving mechanical strength through pseudo crosslinking mechanisms.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes from using complex host-guest molecular systems to a simpler chemical crosslinking approach using phosphonic acid groups. This parameter change in the crosslinking mechanism improves rubber compatibility and eliminates aggregation problems while achieving the desired mechanical strength enhancement.
3Ease of manufacture
If double bonds are consumed in addition reaction, then modified polymer is produced, but crosslinking density decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses phosphonic acid groups as an intermediary that can react with carbon-carbon double bonds through a different mechanism than direct addition. This intermediary approach allows modification of the polymer while preserving the crosslinking density by forming pseudo crosslinks through the phosphonic acid groups rather than consuming the double bonds needed for crosslinking.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The resulting polymer exhibits enhanced mechanical properties and strain-induced crystallization, with controlled molecular weight and improved fracture energy dispersion, leading to increased strength and practicality in rubber compositions.
Implementation Method 1
an oxidative decomposition step of adding an oxidizing agent to a diene-based polymer to oxidatively cleave a carbon-carbon double bond
Implementation Method 2
a terminal modification step of allowing the obtained oxidatively decomposed diene-based polymer to react with an aminophosphonic acid compound
Data Source
AI summary
Provided are a terminally modified diene-based polymer having excellent mechanical properties and also a method for producing the same. The terminally modified diene-based polymer is obtainable by allowing a diene-based polymer terminated with ketone or aldehyde groups to react with an aminophosphonic acid compound represented by general formula (1) or (2):wherein in formulas (1) and (2), R1 and R4 each represent a C1-10 alkanediyl group, R2 and R3 may be the same or different and each represent hydrogen, a C1-3 alkyl group, or a phenyl group, R5, R6, R8, and R9 may be the same or different and each represent hydrogen, a C1-3 alkyl group, or a phenyl group, and R7 represents hydrogen or a hydroxyl group.