Tertiary Amine Synthesis Catalyst Composition
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing methods for producing tertiary amines from secondary amines result in low yields due to the generation of significant side-products, and existing catalyst systems are not optimally efficient for industrial applications.
Innovation Solution
A method involving the use of a catalyst previously used in a reaction with a primary amine and alcohol to react with a secondary amine and alcohol, utilizing a catalyst composition of Cu, Ni, and platinum group elements, in a form such as a film catalyst, to enhance yield and selectivity of the intended mono-substituted tertiary amine.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If a conventional catalyst system is used for producing tertiary amine from secondary amine and alcohol, then the reaction can proceed, but the yield of intended product decreases due to significant side-product generation
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical composition parameters of the catalyst system by incorporating specific platinum group elements (Ru, Rh, or Ir) in combination with Cu and Ni, along with specific support materials. This parameter change in catalyst composition resolves the contradiction by enhancing selectivity toward the intended tertiary amine product while maintaining reaction productivity, thereby reducing side-product generation.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs a composite catalyst system combining multiple metal components (Cu, Ni, and platinum group elements Ru/Rh/Ir) with specific support materials. This composite structure resolves the technical contradiction by synergistically improving both the main reaction pathway efficiency and selectivity, leading to higher yield of intended tertiary amine with reduced side-product formation compared to conventional single-component catalysts.
2Productivity
If existing catalyst systems are used, then the reaction can occur, but catalyst efficiency is not optimal for industrial applications
Solution Approach 1:
The patent optimizes catalyst parameters by specifying precise metal composition ratios and support material characteristics, achieving high catalyst efficiency suitable for industrial production. The defined parameters include specific platinum group element content (0.1-10 wt%) and support surface area (50-500 m²/g), which collectively enhance productivity while maintaining ease of manufacture through standardized preparation procedures.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent utilizes porous support materials with controlled surface area and pore structure to enhance catalyst efficiency for industrial applications. The porous structure provides high surface area for active site dispersion while facilitating mass transfer, thereby improving catalyst productivity and making the process economically viable for large-scale manufacturing of tertiary amines.
3Productivity
If a secondary amine is used as starting material to produce tertiary amine, then the reaction can proceed, but the yield decreases due to generation of multiple types of side-products including di-substituted and tri-substituted tertiary amines
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the catalyst composition parameters to include specific platinum group elements (Ru, Rh, or Ir) combined with Cu and Ni, which fundamentally alters the reaction pathway selectivity. This parameter change enables high selectivity toward mono-substituted tertiary amine by modifying the adsorption characteristics and reaction mechanism on the catalyst surface, thereby suppressing over-substitution to di- and tri-substituted products.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces conventional catalyst mechanisms with a novel catalytic mechanism based on platinum group element-containing systems. This substitution fundamentally changes the reaction pathway, enabling selective formation of mono-substituted tertiary amine from secondary amine by altering the intermediate stabilization and transition state energetics, thus achieving high manufacturing precision and selectivity.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach significantly increases the yield of the intended tertiary amine by reducing side-product formation and improving catalyst efficiency, making the process more industrially advantageous.
Implementation Method 1
reacting a secondary amine with an alcohol in the presence of a catalyst, wherein the catalyst is previously used in a reaction of a primary amine with an alcohol to obtain a tertiary amine
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention provides a method for producing a tertiary amine by using a secondary amine and an alcohol as starting materials to obtain a corresponding tertiary amine. The method of the present invention includes reacting a secondary amine with an alcohol in the presence of a catalyst, wherein the catalyst is previously used in the reaction of a primary amine with an alcohol to obtain a tertiary amine.