Tertiary Amine Fuel Additive for Injector Fouling and Friction
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing fuel additives are insufficient in reducing inlet valve deposits and injector nozzle fouling, and minimizing friction in direct injection spark ignition engines, leading to unsatisfactory engine performance.
Innovation Solution
A fuel additive composition comprising a tertiary hydrocarbyl amine, nitrogen-containing dispersants, carrier oils, and optional friction modifiers, which reduces injector nozzle fouling and minimizes friction in direct injection spark ignition engines.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Object-affected harmful factors
If conventional fuel additives are used, then some deposit control is achieved, but injector nozzle fouling and inlet valve deposits are insufficiently reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses a composite additive system comprising multiple components: a polyisobutenyl amine dispersant (Component A), a carrier oil (Component B), and a tertiary hydrocarbyl amine (Component C). This composite formulation provides synergistic effects where the dispersant controls deposits, the carrier oil ensures proper distribution and solubility, and the tertiary amine specifically targets injector nozzle fouling, together achieving superior protection compared to single additives
Solution Approach 2:
The patent specifies precise parameter ranges for optimal performance: the polyisobutenyl amine with number average molecular weight of 500-2000, the tertiary amine with 1-3 hydrocarbyl residues each having 1-20 carbon atoms (total not exceeding 30), and concentration ranges of 0.01-10 wt% for Component A, 0.01-5 wt% for Component B, and 0.01-1 wt% for Component C. These parameter optimizations ensure maximum deposit control effectiveness while minimizing injector nozzle fouling
2Object-affected harmful factors
If dispersant additives are used to reduce deposits, then clean-up effect is achieved, but friction in direct injection engines is not sufficiently minimized
Solution Approach 1:
The tertiary hydrocarbyl amine (Component C) serves multiple functions simultaneously: it acts as a deposit control agent for inlet valves, provides friction modification for direct injection nozzles, and contributes to overall injector nozzle fouling reduction. This multi-functional additive eliminates the need for separate friction modifiers while achieving both deposit control and friction minimization goals
Data Source
AI summary
Use of a tertiary hydrocarbyl amine with C1- to C20-hydrocarbyl residues, the overall number of carbon atoms not exceeding 30, as an additive in gasoline for reducing injector nozzle fouling and modifying friction in direct injection spark ignition engines. A fuel additive composition essentially comprising nitrogen-containing dispersants, carrier oils, the above tertiary hydrocarbyl amines and optionally further friction modifiers. A fuel composition comprising a major amount of gasoline and a minor amount of the above fuel additive composition.