Multi-Reaction Test Strip Layout for Hematocrit-Corrected Sensing
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing test strips with multiple electrochemical reaction zones suffer from mediator diffusion between zones, causing interference in measurements, and hematocrit variations lead to inaccurate analyte concentration readings, especially in handheld biosensors.
Innovation Solution
A test strip design with multiple electrochemical reaction blocks, each isolated by spacers and air holes, shares a sampling channel to prevent mediator diffusion and includes hematocrit detection for data correction, allowing simultaneous measurement of hematocrit and analyte concentration.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of operation
If multiple electrochemical reaction zones are placed on the same channel, then the device complexity is reduced and ease of operation is improved, but mediator diffusion between zones causes measurement interference and accuracy deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The test strip divides the reaction area into multiple independent reaction zones (first reaction zone, second reaction zone, third reaction zone) separated by physical barriers (first isolation groove, second isolation groove). Each zone contains its own electrochemical mediator and detection electrodes, preventing mediator diffusion between zones while maintaining separate measurement functions for different analytes.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces isolation grooves filled with hydrophobic material as intermediary barriers between reaction zones. These intermediaries physically block the diffusion pathway of electrochemical mediators while allowing the liquid sample to reach all zones through capillary action, thus preventing cross-contamination without compromising sample distribution.
2Device complexity
If multiple reaction zones share a sampling channel, then device complexity is reduced, but mediator diffusion causes mutual interference and reliability deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The test strip structure segments the reaction areas into independent zones with separate mediator compartments. The first reaction zone, second reaction zone, and third reaction zone are physically isolated by grooves, ensuring that each zone's electrochemical mediator remains confined to its designated area, thus preventing cross-interference and improving measurement reliability.
Solution Approach 2:
Different regions of the test strip are assigned different functional qualities: the isolation grooves contain hydrophobic material to block mediator diffusion, while the reaction zones contain specific electrochemical mediators tailored for detecting particular analytes. This local differentiation ensures that each zone operates independently with optimized chemistry for its specific detection purpose.
3Ease of operation
If hematocrit variations are present in whole blood samples, then ease of operation is improved by using handheld biosensors, but test data deviation increases and measurement precision deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The test strip is designed with multi-functionality to detect multiple analytes (first analyte, second analyte, third analyte) simultaneously using different reaction zones. Additionally, it can detect hematocrit levels through the same sample, enabling comprehensive analysis of whole blood samples with varying hematocrit ratios, thus providing universal applicability across different patient populations.
Solution Approach 2:
The system uses feedback from hematocrit detection to correct analyte concentration measurements. By measuring hematocrit levels in the sample and using this information to adjust the interpretation of analyte concentration readings, the system compensates for hematocrit-induced variations, thereby maintaining measurement precision across diverse sample types.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The design ensures accurate analyte concentration readings by inhibiting mediator interference and correcting for hematocrit variations, enabling simultaneous multi-item detection with improved accuracy and efficiency.
Implementation Method 1
The first conductor can be used as a hematocrit (Hct) detection conductor to measure the hematocrit (Hct)
Implementation Method 2
the electrochemical mediator in the front reaction zone will dissolve and then flow to the rear reaction zone. After the liquid sample fills each reaction zone, the electrochemical mediator in the rear reaction zone will diffuse to the front reaction zone
Data Source
AI summary
A test strip with multiple electrochemical reaction blocks has multiple electrochemical reaction zone blocks but shares a sampling channel. However, it can suppress the structure of mediator diffusion and mutual interference in each reaction zone block. It includes plural detection electrodes, a first reaction zone and a second reaction zone. It uses the detection electrode in the first reaction zone to measure the hematocrit data of the analyte sample, at the same time, the detection electrode in the second reaction zone is used to read the reaction data generated by the analyte sample and the electrochemical mediator. These two data calculations for data compensation to correct the analyte concentration, avoiding measurement data deviation caused by the testing instrument due to different individual hematocrit ratios, and presenting the correct actual value of the analyte concentration.