Fireproofing Textile Chemistry for Washproof Comfort

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing fireproofing treatments for textiles are not fully satisfactory as they lack washproofness, comfort, and aesthetic qualities, often resulting in rigid fabrics that are not suitable for work clothing, and may release toxic formaldehyde.

Innovation Solution

A method involving a two-component bath with a phosphorous compound and urea, pH buffer, and an oxidizing agent, followed by heat-drying and stabilization, which cross-links the polymer on the textile, enhancing washproofness and reducing formaldehyde content, while maintaining comfort and aesthetics.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If a substantial impregnation rate is used to achieve sufficient fireproofing resistance, then fireproofing durability is improved, but textile aesthetics and comfort deteriorate due to rigidity

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefireproofing durabilityVSAvoidtextile comfort and aesthetics
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSEase of operation

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the chemical parameters of the fireproofing composition by using a phosphonate compound with specific molecular structure and introducing a crosslinking agent. This modifies the chemical properties of the treatment to achieve better balance between durability and comfort. The crosslinking agent creates a three-dimensional network that provides durable fireproofing at lower impregnation rates, preventing excessive rigidity while maintaining flame resistance.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent creates a composite chemical structure by combining the phosphonate compound with a crosslinking agent that forms a three-dimensional network. This composite approach allows the fireproofing treatment to achieve both durability and comfort: the crosslinked network provides stable, long-lasting fire resistance while the controlled structure prevents excessive rigidity that would compromise textile comfort and aesthetics.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

2Object-affected harmful factors

If conventional fireproofing treatments are applied, then flame resistance is achieved, but toxic formaldehyde is released during treatment and in the finished product

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveflame resistanceVSAvoidformaldehyde emission
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-affected harmful factorsVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent converts the harmful formaldehyde byproduct into a beneficial outcome by using a phosphonate compound that inherently avoids formaldehyde release. The molecular structure of the phosphonate compound is designed to decompose into non-toxic products when exposed to flame, while the crosslinking agent further stabilizes the structure to prevent any potential harmful emissions. This transforms the chemical pathway from harmful to beneficial, achieving flame resistance without toxic emissions.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #22Blessing in disguise (Convert harm into benefit)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent employs a phosphonate compound that decomposes into harmless substances during combustion rather than persisting as toxic formaldehyde. The crosslinked structure ensures complete decomposition into non-toxic products, effectively replacing the harmful formaldehyde with benign decomposition products that pose no threat to human health or the environment.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #27Cheap short-living objects (Disposable)

3Object-affected harmful factors

If existing fireproofing treatments are used, then some flame resistance is achieved, but washproofness is insufficient after multiple washings

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveflame resistanceVSAvoidwashproofness durability
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-affected harmful factorsVSDuration of action of stationary object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies a crosslinking agent to the phosphonate-treated textile to create a three-dimensional network structure before the textile undergoes multiple washings. This preliminary crosslinking action ensures that the fireproofing treatment is locked into a stable structure that can withstand repeated washing, drying, and mechanical stress without significant loss of fireproofing effectiveness, thereby achieving superior washproofness durability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The method achieves durable, washproof, and comfortable fireproofed textiles with reduced formaldehyde emission, meeting human-ecological standards like Oeko-Tex 100 Class 1, and extending the useful life of the treated fabrics.

Implementation Method 1

heat-drying of the impregnated textile, during which drying the polymerisation reaction of the urea of component B and the phosphorous compound of component A occurs

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPolymerisation:

Implementation Method 2

stabilisation and neutralisation via an oxidation reaction of the polymer obtained in step c) in a second bath

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectOxidation: Oxidation

Implementation Method 3

the second bath includes, in addition to at least one oxidizing compound, a mixture of diacetone acrylamide and of at least one organic acid dihydrazide. This mixture crosslinks the phosphorous compound/urea polymer on the textile

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectCrosslinking:

Data Source

PatentUS9074316B2Method for fireproofing textiles
Publication Date: 2015.07.07 CTF 2000

AI summary

This invention relates to a method for fireproofing textiles based on a composition having two components comprising:a component A comprising at least one phosphorous compound; anda component B comprising urea and at least one pH buffer, optionally with an oxidizing agent.Said method for fireproofing textiles includes the steps of immersing said textiles in said composition, and of heating, oxidizing and then washing said textiles, which then have excellent human-ecological, comfort, and durable fireproofing properties.