Textured Current Collectors for Low-Resistance Lithium-Ion Batteries
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Solution Overview
Problem
Lithium ion batteries face high internal resistance due to limited contact surface areas of the positive and negative electrode current collectors, which hampers their electrical conductivity and charge/discharge efficiency.
Innovation Solution
Increasing the contact surface areas of the positive and negative electrode current collectors through textured structures and applying a conductive material layer, such as graphene or carbon nanotubes, to reduce internal resistance and enhance conductivity.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If the contact surface area of current collectors is increased through textured structures, then electrical conductivity is improved, but manufacturing complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The current collector surface is transformed from a flat plane to a three-dimensional textured structure with protrusions and recesses. This curvature modification increases the effective contact surface area between current collectors and electrode materials, thereby improving electrical conductivity without fundamentally changing the manufacturing process flow
Solution Approach 2:
The surface morphology parameters of the current collector are changed by creating micro-scale protrusions and recesses. This parameter modification at the micro-level achieves macro-level improvement in electrical conductivity while maintaining compatibility with existing manufacturing capabilities
2Reliability
If a conductive material layer is applied to current collectors, then internal resistance is reduced, but manufacturing complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
A composite structure is created by applying a conductive material layer (such as carbon-based materials) onto the current collector surface. This composite approach combines the mechanical properties of the current collector with the high electrical conductivity of the coating material, effectively reducing internal resistance while using established coating technologies
Solution Approach 2:
The conductive material layer is applied specifically to the surface of the current collector where electrical contact occurs. This localized treatment focuses the conductivity enhancement exactly where it is needed, maximizing the reduction of internal resistance at the electrode-current collector interface without requiring bulk material changes
Data Source
AI summary
A lithium ion battery is disclosed. The lithium ion battery includes: a positive electrode current collector with positive electrode active material disposed on a surface thereof; a negative electrode current collector with negative electrode active material disposed on a surface thereof, and the negative electrode current collector being disposed opposite to the positive electrode current collector; a separator and electrolyte disposed between the positive electrode active material and the negative electrode active material; a positive electrode column in electrical contact with the positive electrode current collector; a negative electrode column in electrical contact with the negative electrode current collector; and an outer housing enclosing the positive and negative electrode current collectors, the separator and electrolyte, and wherein the positive and negative electrode columns pass through the outer housing; wherein, the surfaces of the positive electrode current collector and the negative electrode current collector include an orderly and/or randomly textured structure.