Thermal Air Flowmeter Pulsating Response Correction

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional thermal air flowmeters experience errors during pulsating air flow due to response delays and differences between rising and falling flow responses, which are not accurately captured, leading to inaccuracies in detecting the actual air flow into an engine.

Innovation Solution

A thermal air flowmeter that calculates a flow correction value based on the temporal variation of the detected flow and uses a flow correction coefficient to correct the detected flow, employing a response compensations filter that adjusts the detected flow signal to achieve accurate and reliable air flow measurement without distorting the waveform.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If a thermal air flowmeter uses a detection element with larger size and better thermal insulation to reduce response delay, then the response delay is reduced, but the device complexity and size increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveresponse delayVSAvoiddetection element size
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the thermal parameters of the detection element by using a bridge circuit configuration with temperature-sensitive resistors arranged upstream and downstream of a heating resistor. This allows the system to detect temperature differences caused by air flow while maintaining a compact size, resolving the contradiction between response delay and device size.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent introduces a bridge circuit as an intermediary mechanism that translates the thermal effects into measurable voltage signals. The bridge circuit with resistors R1, R2, R3, and R4 acts as a mediator that amplifies and processes the small temperature differences, enabling accurate flow detection without requiring a large detection element.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Measurement precision

If a thermal air flowmeter applies separate corrections to rising and falling characteristics, then the response difference between rising and falling is reduced, but the device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveresponse differenceVSAvoidcorrection mechanism
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies dynamic correction by detecting the direction of flow change (rising or falling) and selectively applying different correction values. The correction mechanism dynamically adjusts based on the current state of the detection element, using correction values stored in a correction value storing means. This allows precise compensation for response differences without requiring complex mechanical adjustments.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

3Device complexity

If a thermal air flowmeter uses conventional detection methods during pulsating air flow, then the detection structure remains simple, but the detected average flow value deviates from the actual air flow due to response delay and air flow dependence

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedetection structureVSAvoiddetected average flow value
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements feedback correction by continuously monitoring the detection element's response and comparing it with reference values stored in a correction value storing means. Based on this feedback, the system selectively applies appropriate correction values to compensate for response delay and air flow dependence, ensuring that the detected average flow value accurately reflects the actual air flow during pulsating conditions.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Solution Approach 2:

The patent performs preliminary correction by pre-storing correction values in a correction value storing means that account for expected response delays and air flow dependencies. These correction values are prepared in advance and selectively applied during detection, allowing the system to compensate for known errors before they affect the final measurement, thus maintaining simple detection structure while improving measurement precision.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The solution enables accurate detection of air flow during large pulsating conditions, improving response reliability and reducing detection errors, ensuring the average detected flow value closely matches the actual air flow, even in non-steady states.

Implementation Method 1

a heat-generating resistor which heats fluid; a heating drive circuit which causes current to flow in the heat-generating resistor and thereby controls heating of the heat-generating resistor

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectJoule heating: Joule Heating

Implementation Method 2

a temperature-sensitive resistor which detects a temperature of the fluid heated by the heat-generating resistor

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectTemperature-sensitive resistance: Thermistor

Implementation Method 3

a basic structure which detects a flow of fluid based on the amount of heat of the fluid heated by the heat-generating resistor; Factor (3) has not been addressed. In this way, in thermal air flowmeters, due to a response difference between rising and falling of flow or to air flow dependence of the response

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHeat conduction: Conduction (thermal)

Data Source

PatentEP2246672B1Thermal air flowmeter
Publication Date: 2018.10.03 HITACHI AUTOMOTIVE SYST LTD
  • EP2246672B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2246672B1 patent drawingFigure 2~3
  • EP2246672B1 patent drawingFigure 4~5

AI summary

An object of the invention is to provide a thermal air flowmeter which can reduce a detection error occurring during pulsating air flow due to a difference of response between rising and falling of detected flow or due to air flow dependence of response. A thermal air flowmeter (1) includes a heat-generating resistor (7) which heats fluid, a heating drive circuit (5) which causes current to flow in the heat-generating resistor (7) and thereby controls heating of the heat-generating resistor (7), and a temperature-sensitive resistor (9) which detects a temperature of the fluid heated by the heat-generating resistor (7). The thermal air flowmeter (1) detects a flow Q of the fluid based on the amount of heat of the fluid heated by the heat-generating resistor (7). Further included are: flow correction value calculating means (17) which calculates a flow correction value ca based on a variation dQ/dt of the detected flow Q and on a flow correction coefficient a set dependent on the detected flow Q; and flow correction means (18) which corrects the detected flow Q based on the flow correction value ca.