Thermal-Magnetic Tripping Device for Polyphase Circuit Breakers

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current thermal-magnetic trip devices for polyphase circuit breakers cannot distinguish between tripping causes due to current overloads and short circuits, requiring manual inspection to determine the origin of the anomaly, and existing solutions are complex and not easily adaptable.

Innovation Solution

A thermomagnetic trip device with multiple thermal and magnetic actuators, an intermediate transmission device, and indicators to mechanically differentiate between overload and short-circuit tripping causes, using pivoting transmission bars and elastic members to signal the cause of tripping through visible indicators.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If a thermal-magnetic trip device is used to monitor phase currents and trip the circuit breaker, then protection against overcurrents and short circuits is provided, but the cause of tripping (overload vs. short circuit) cannot be distinguished

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveprotection capabilityVSAvoidtripping cause information
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSLoss of information

Solution Approach 1:

The trip device is segmented into separate thermal actuators for each phase that respond to overloads and magnetic actuators for each phase that respond to short circuits. Each actuator type is mechanically independent and drives the trip mechanism through distinct paths, allowing the cause of tripping to be identified by which actuator triggered the trip.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent uses visual indicators (such as colored flags or positions) to show the cause of tripping. The first indicator shows a first position when a thermal actuator trips the breaker (indicating overload), and a second position when a magnetic actuator trips the breaker (indicating short circuit), providing immediate visual information about the tripping cause.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #32Color changes

2Loss of information

If existing solutions are used to mechanically display the cause of tripping, then the tripping cause can be identified, but the mechanism becomes complex and bulky with many constituents

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetripping cause informationVSAvoidmechanism complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Loss of informationVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent merges the indication function into the existing trip mechanism by using the positions of the thermal and magnetic actuators themselves as the indication system. The actuators' relative positions and their connection to the trip mechanism serve dual purposes: triggering the trip and indicating the cause, eliminating the need for separate complex indication mechanisms.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The thermal and magnetic actuators serve multiple functions: they detect the respective fault conditions (overload or short circuit), mechanically drive the trip mechanism to open the breaker, and simultaneously provide visual indication of the fault type through their positions and connections. This multi-functionality reduces overall device complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

3Loss of information

If existing solutions are used to mechanically display the cause of tripping, then the tripping cause can be identified, but the mechanism is not easily adaptable to certain circuit breakers

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetripping cause informationVSAvoidadaptability to circuit breakers
Core Design Contradiction:
Loss of informationVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The indication mechanism is designed to be dynamic and adaptable to different circuit breaker types. The thermal and magnetic actuators are configured to work with various breaker mechanisms, and the indication system adapts its display based on which actuator triggers the trip, making the solution versatile across different circuit breaker designs without requiring fixed complex mechanisms.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Enables clear mechanical indication of tripping causes, simplifying post-trip inspections and improving adaptability to various circuit breakers by distinguishing between current overloads and short circuits without increasing complexity.

Implementation Method 1

several thermal actuators, each of which is designed to react to a current overload in one of the phases by generating a mechanical trip command

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectThermal expansion: Thermal Expansion

Implementation Method 2

thermal actuators, each of which is designed to react to a current overload

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectBimetallic strip effect: Bi-Metallic Strip

Implementation Method 3

several magnetic actuators, each of which is designed to react to a short-circuit in one of the phases by generating a mechanical release control

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectromagnetic force: Lorentz Force

Data Source

PatentEP2733720B1Thermal-magnetic tripping device for tripping a polyphase circuit breaker
Publication Date: 2015.07.29 SCHNEIDER ELECTRIC IND SAS
  • EP2733720B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP2733720B1 patent drawingFigure 3~4
  • EP2733720B1 patent drawingFigure 5~7

AI summary

The device has a set of thermal actuators (40), where each actuator is designed to react to a current overload in one of a set of phases by generating mechanical tripping commands (P1, P2). A transmission bar (31) is fitted on a support shaft, and a ratchet (30) is fitted on the support shaft. Another transmission bar (32) drives the ratchet from its latched position to its released position so as to change a state of an indicator. The former transmission bar and the latter transmission bar are disconnected from one another while pivoting around a pivoting axis (Y2, Y'2).