Thermal Plate Stack for Cryogenic Circuit Card Cooling

Resolve Bottlenecks,
Find Innovative Solutions
Generate Solutions

Solution Overview

Problem

Current solutions for achieving desired operating temperatures in superconducting supercomputers, such as using dewars or cryocoolers, result in significant thermal parasitic load and latency due to long cables, making large-scale applications infeasible.

Innovation Solution

A scalable apparatus comprising a stack of card units with thin, planar thermal plates and a laterally extending plate coupler to maintain thermal plates at different temperatures, reducing thermal parasitic heat transfer and allowing close proximity of circuit card assemblies.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Temperature

If dewars with liquid helium and liquid nitrogen are used for each cryogenic temperature, then the desired operating temperatures (4K and 77K) are achieved, but thermal parasitic load increases and system complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveoperating temperatureVSAvoidthermal parasitic load
Core Design Contradiction:
TemperatureVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

The patent combines multiple thermal plates (4K plate, 77K plate, and intermediate temperature plates) into a single integrated cryogenic circuit card assembly. This merging eliminates the need for separate dewars and long cables, reducing thermal parasitic load while maintaining the required temperature differential between 4K and 77K operating regions.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent implements a nested structure where thermal plates are stacked in transverse layers with intermediate temperature plates positioned between the 4K and 77K plates. This nesting arrangement creates a compact thermal gradient structure that minimizes conductive thermal paths while maintaining distinct temperature zones, thereby reducing thermal parasitic load.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #7Nested doll (Nesting)

2Temperature

If dewars with separate cabling are used for 4K and 77K regions, then temperature control is achieved, but latency increases and device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetemperature controlVSAvoidlatency
Core Design Contradiction:
TemperatureVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The patent merges the 4K and 77K circuit card assemblies into a single integrated unit with direct transverse adjacency. This eliminates long interconnect cables between temperature zones, significantly reducing signal latency while maintaining precise temperature control through the stacked thermal plate structure.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

3Length of moving object

If cryocooler with intermediate stage is used for both temperatures, then the two temperature sides are brought closer together, but scalability to large applications is limited

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedistance between temperature zonesVSAvoidscalability
Core Design Contradiction:
Length of moving objectVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The patent segments the cryogenic system into multiple independent thermal plates (4K plate, intermediate temperature plates, 77K plate) that can be stacked in transverse layers. This segmentation allows the system to be scaled by adding or removing card units while maintaining the required temperature differential, enabling scalability to large applications unlike a fixed cryocooler design.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent transitions from a single-dimensional cryocooler approach to a multi-dimensional stacked configuration where thermal plates are arranged in transverse layers. This dimensional change allows multiple card units to be stacked vertically, providing scalability while keeping temperature zones close together through the compact stacked architecture.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

4Productivity

If circuit card assemblies are placed in close proximity, then thermal management efficiency improves, but thermal parasitic heat transfer between assemblies increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvethermal management efficiencyVSAvoidthermal parasitic heat transfer
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies different thermal properties to different regions of the circuit card assembly. The 4K thermal plate and 77K thermal plate are thermally isolated from each other through intermediate temperature plates and vacuum insulation, allowing close proximity placement for efficient thermal management while preventing thermal parasitic heat transfer between the cold and warm regions through localized thermal barriers.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The solution enables efficient thermal management with low thermal parasitic heat transfer between circuit card assemblies at different temperatures, enhancing scalability and reducing power consumption.

Implementation Method 1

two longitudinally adjacent circuit card assemblies can be maintained in close spatial proximity to each other, each at a different temperature, with low thermal parasitic heat transfer between the two circuit card assemblies

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectThermal insulation: Thermal Insulation

Data Source

PatentEP3378291B1Apparatus and method for providing a temperature-differential circuit card environment
Publication Date: 2021.03.31 NORTHROP GRUMMAN SYSTEMS CORP
  • EP3378291B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3378291B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3378291B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

An apparatus for, and method of, providing a desired temperature-differential circuit card environment includes a plurality of card units. Each card unit comprises a first thermal plate having front and back first plate sides oriented in a lateral-longitudinal plane, the first thermal plate operating at a first plate temperature. A second thermal plate has front and back second plate sides oriented in the lateral-longitudinal plane, the second thermal plate operating at a second plate temperature. A coupler is oriented in the lateral-longitudinal plane and is connected to front and/or back first plate sides and to the front and/or back second plate sides to form a card unit. The card units are arranged in a transversely oriented stack with the front first and second plate sides of a second card unit being directly transversely adjacent the back first and second plate sides of the first card unit.