Thermal Runaway Detection Circuit for Battery Safety
Find Innovative SolutionsGenerate Solutions
Solution Overview
Problem
Current battery management systems (BMS) fail to detect thermal runaway accurately due to high-temperature electrolyte splashing, which can lead to safety risks as the monitoring units are damaged, preventing timely intervention.
Innovation Solution
A circuit for detecting thermal runaway, comprising a sensing module with temperature-sensing lines placed close to battery cells, a detection module with voltage-dividing resistor sets, and a processing module that determines thermal runaway based on sensing line states, ensuring accurate and timely detection even during high-temperature events.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If voltage or temperature monitoring via BMS is used to detect thermal runaway, then thermal runaway detection capability is provided, but the monitoring unit is damaged by high-temperature electrolyte splashing, causing detection failure
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces a sensing line as an intermediary element that extends into close proximity to the battery cell (within 5mm of the shell) to detect thermal runaway. This sensing line acts as a mediator between the monitoring system and the battery, allowing detection of temperature changes or electrolyte presence without exposing vulnerable electronic components to direct contact with splashing electrolyte, thus resolving the contradiction between detection capability and component protection
Solution Approach 2:
The patent extracts the sensing function from the main BMS monitoring unit and implements it through a separate sensing line that can be positioned close to the battery cell. This separation allows the sensing function to operate in the high-temperature zone while the main processing unit remains protected, enabling reliable detection without compromising the monitoring unit against electrolyte damage
2Measurement precision
If the sensing line is placed close to the battery cell to improve detection accuracy, then thermal runaway detection accuracy is improved, but the sensing line may be exposed to higher temperatures and electrolyte splashing
Solution Approach 1:
The sensing line serves as a specialized intermediary component designed to withstand the harsh environment near the battery cell. By using materials and structures suitable for high-temperature and chemical exposure, it can be positioned within 5mm of the battery shell to achieve accurate detection while maintaining its own reliability against environmental damage
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The circuit effectively detects thermal runaway by accurately monitoring temperature changes and sending alarm signals, enhancing the safety of battery sets by enabling prompt measures during thermal runaway occurrences.
Implementation Method 1
a distance between at least a portion of the sensing line and a single battery cell in the battery set is less than a temperature-sensing distance threshold
Data Source
Figure 1~2
Figure 3
Figure 4~5
AI summary
The present application provides a circuit for detecting thermal runaway, which relates to the technical field of batteries. The circuit for detecting thermal runaway includes: a sensing module including a sensing line, wherein a distance between at least a portion of the sensing line and a single battery cell in a battery set is less than a temperature-sensing distance threshold; a detection module connected to the sensing line and including at least one group of voltage-dividing resistor sets, wherein one end of each group of voltage-dividing resistor sets is connected to a first power-supply terminal, the other end of each group of voltage-dividing resistor sets is connected to ground, and each group of voltage-dividing resistor sets includes at least two voltage-dividing resistor sets connected in series; a processing module configured to acquire thermal runaway detection data and to determine whether thermal runaway has occurred for the battery set based on the thermal runaway detection data, wherein the thermal runaway detection data includes data for the battery set and sampled data collected from a sampling point disposed between two connected voltage-dividing resistor sets. The technical solution of the present application can improve the safety of the battery set.