3D Printing Control Data Using Thermal Simulation Timing

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current additive manufacturing technologies are limited by thermal considerations, particularly in 3D printing, leading to defects such as hotspots, curling corners, delamination, and microscale defects due to inadequate thermal management in multi-layered structures, and lack real-time adaptation of key process parameters.

Innovation Solution

A computer-implemented method generates real-time machine control data by analyzing event series data and mesh elements, adjusting activation times based on thermal simulations to prevent overheating, using conducted, convective, radiative, and latent heat considerations, and updating machine commands to avoid thermal defects.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Manufacturing precision

If standard machine control data is used for additive manufacturing, then printing process is simple and fast, but thermal defects such as hotspots, curling corners, and delamination occur due to inadequate thermal management

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvethermal defect preventionVSAvoidprocess parameter adaptation system
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The system performs thermal simulation and determines optimized process parameters in advance before actual printing. The machine control data is pre-adapted based on thermal analysis of the specific object geometry, allowing the printing process to proceed with pre-calculated optimal parameters without real-time complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The system creates a virtual thermal model (mesh data) that copies and represents the physical object's geometry. This digital twin is used to simulate thermal behavior and determine optimized printing parameters, avoiding the need for physical trial-and-error experimentation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #26Copying

2Manufacturing precision

If real-time thermal simulation is performed for each layer, then thermal management is improved, but processing time increases significantly

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveinter-layer adhesion qualityVSAvoidprinting speed
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

Thermal simulation and parameter optimization are performed before the actual printing process begins. The system calculates optimized process parameters for all layers in advance based on the complete object geometry, eliminating the need for time-consuming real-time simulations during printing.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The system dynamically adapts process parameters based on the specific geometric features and thermal characteristics of each region of the object. Different layers and regions receive customized parameters optimized for their local thermal behavior, maintaining high precision without uniform slowdown.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

3Manufacturing precision

If extensive trial and error experimentation is conducted to optimize printing parameters, then print quality improves, but time consumption and resource usage increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveprint qualityVSAvoidparameter optimization time
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The system uses digital modeling and thermal simulation to create a virtual representation of the printing process. This allows parameter optimization to be performed in the digital domain through calculation rather than physical experimentation, dramatically reducing time and resource consumption while maintaining optimization quality.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #26Copying

Solution Approach 2:

Physical trial-and-error experimentation is replaced with computational thermal simulation and analysis. The system uses mathematical models to predict thermal behavior and determine optimal parameters, substituting mechanical/physical iteration with computational calculation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Enables in-situ adjustment of process parameters during printing, reducing thermal defects and improving inter-layer adhesion, mechanical properties, and overall print quality without requiring extensive trial and error experimentation.

Implementation Method 1

determining a simulated thermal behavior in the mesh elements based on a thermal simulation considering a conducted heat, a convective heat, a radiative heat, and a latent heat

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectConducted heat: Conduction (thermal)

Implementation Method 2

determining a simulated thermal behavior in the mesh elements based on a thermal simulation considering a conducted heat, a convective heat, a radiative heat, and a latent heat

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectConvective heat: Convection

Implementation Method 3

determining a simulated thermal behavior in the mesh elements based on a thermal simulation considering a conducted heat, a convective heat, a radiative heat, and a latent heat

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectRadiative heat: Thermal Radiation

Implementation Method 4

determining a simulated thermal behavior in the mesh elements based on a thermal simulation considering a conducted heat, a convective heat, a radiative heat, and a latent heat

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectLatent heat: Latent Heat

Data Source

PatentEP4253006B1Computer-implemented method for generating thermally improved machine control data for additive manufacturing machines
Publication Date: 2026.02.25 AIRBUS OPERATIONS GMBH
  • EP4253006B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4253006B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP4253006B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

In order to improve additive manufacturing, in particular with respect to thermal considerations, a method for generating improved machine control data is proposed. Initially and event series (26) is generated from input machine control data that is linked with a mesh mesh (30) that is also generated from the input machine control data. Thus, an activation time (t_act) is determined which indicates the point in time at which the additive manufacturing machine (10) prints a portion of the object (16) that is represented by that mesh element (32). A full 3D-thermal simulation is run on the mesh elements (32). Each time the element temperature (T_el) exceeds a predetermined threshold, the activation time (t_act) is increased by a predetermined time increment and the event series (26) is updated. Finally the event series (26) is converted back to output machine control data.