Cooking utensil having thermochromic layer including thermochromic pigment for temperature sensor using bismuth vanadate and method for manufacturing the same
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Solution Overview
Problem
Commercially available bismuth vanadate pigments do not provide sufficient color contrast for users to visually perceive the color change in a temperature range from room temperature to 200° C., making them unsuitable for applications requiring temperature indication.
Innovation Solution
A cooking utensil with a thermochromic layer incorporating a thermochromic pigment based on bismuth vanadate, which undergoes a reversible color change within the temperature range of 200° C., achieving a color difference of 20 to 25 on CIELAB coordinates, thereby enhancing visual temperature indication.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Object-affected harmful factors
If commercially available bismuth vanadate pigment is used, then the pigment provides non-toxic and eco-friendly properties with excellent chemical stability, but the color contrast is not large enough for users to visually perceive the color change in temperature range from room temperature to 200° C.
Solution Approach 1:
The patent modifies the particle size parameter of bismuth vanadate pigment to enhance thermochromic effect. By controlling particle size within specific ranges (0.1-10 μm or 1-5 μm), the pigment exhibits improved color contrast between room temperature and high temperature states, achieving a CIELAB color difference of 15 or more, making the temperature indication visually detectable while maintaining the non-toxic properties of bismuth vanadate
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a composite coating system comprising bismuth vanadate pigment combined with specific binders (fluoropolymer resin, acrylic resin, or silicone resin) and applied as a multi-layer coating structure including primer layer, thermochromic layer, and top coating layer. This composite structure optimizes both the visual perception of color change and the durability of the temperature indication function
2Reliability
If bismuth vanadate pigment is used to replace toxic heavy metal pigments, then environmental friendliness and non-toxicity are improved, but the color change visibility in the required temperature range deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent optimizes the particle size parameter of bismuth vanadate pigment to enhance thermochromic effect. By controlling particle size within specific ranges (0.1-10 μm or 1-5 μm), the pigment exhibits improved color contrast between room temperature and high temperature states, achieving a CIELAB color difference of 15 or more, making the temperature indication visually detectable while maintaining the non-toxic properties of bismuth vanadate
Solution Approach 2:
The patent specifically utilizes and enhances the thermochromic color change property of bismuth vanadate pigment. The pigment undergoes reversible color transformation from yellow at room temperature to orange at high temperatures (200-250° C.), and the patent optimizes this natural color change to achieve sufficient visual contrast for effective temperature indication, thereby preserving temperature information visibility
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The cooking utensil effectively provides a visually discernible color change within the specified temperature range, ensuring user safety by clearly indicating temperature changes, while utilizing a non-toxic and eco-friendly pigment.
Implementation Method 1
The thermochromic mechanism of bismuth vanadate is due to a temperature-induced phase transition (monoclinic scheelite-tetragonal scheelite), and at the phase transition temperature of 255° C., it undergoes a phase transition from a monoclinic structure to a tetragonal structure. As a result, the color is changed from yellow to orange, and this color change is reversible.
Implementation Method 2
The thermochromic mechanism of bismuth vanadate is due to a temperature-induced phase transition (monoclinic scheelite-tetragonal scheelite), and at the phase transition temperature of 255° C., it undergoes a phase transition from a monoclinic structure to a tetragonal structure.
Data Source
AI summary
A cooking utensil having a thermochromic layer including a thermochromic pigment for a temperature sensor, includes: a metal substrate; a primer layer including a fluorine-based resin formed on at least a part of a surface of the metal substrate; a thermochromic layer including a thermochromic pigment formed on at least a part of a surface of the primer layer; and a top coating layer including a curing agent formed on surfaces of the primer layer and the thermochromic layer. The thermochromic pigment is a thermochromic pigment for a temperature sensor using bismuth vanadate.