Multilayer material
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Solution Overview
Problem
Thermal solar panels face inefficiencies due to high stagnation temperatures, leading to accelerated degradation of heat transfer fluids and materials, as well as increased thermal losses, which limit their performance and lifespan.
Innovation Solution
A thermoregulated multilayer material with a support and a thermoregulated layer based on rare earth cobaltite or nickelate perovskites, which adjusts its optical properties to maintain a stable internal temperature below 150°C, reducing thermal losses and extending the lifespan of the panel.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If conventional thermal solar panels are used to maximize light absorption, then energy conversion efficiency is improved, but stagnation temperature increases leading to accelerated material degradation and reduced lifespan
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies parameter changes by modifying the optical properties of the panel surface through a multilayer coating system. The coating includes a first layer with high solar absorption and a second layer with temperature-dependent emissivity, changing the radiative heat transfer parameters to reduce stagnation temperature while maintaining absorption efficiency
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses composite materials by combining multiple functional layers: a selective absorption layer, a thermochromic layer, and a protective layer. This composite structure enables simultaneous high solar absorption and temperature-controlled thermal radiation, resolving the contradiction between efficiency and durability
2Productivity
If the panel operates at high temperatures to maximize energy output, then productivity is improved, but thermal losses increase and heat transfer fluid degradation accelerates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent exploits phase transitions through thermochromic materials that change their optical properties at specific temperatures. The second layer transitions from transparent to opaque in the infrared range at a predetermined temperature, enabling dynamic control of thermal radiation losses without affecting solar absorption
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements dynamics by creating a temperature-responsive system where the panel's thermal radiation properties automatically adjust based on operating conditions. The thermochromic layer dynamically modulates infrared emissivity, allowing the panel to maintain optimal temperature and reduce thermal losses during high-output operation
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The multilayer material effectively reduces stagnation temperature, minimizing heat transfer fluid degradation and maintaining high energy efficiency, thus enhancing the durability and performance of thermal solar panels.
Implementation Method 1
A thermoregulated multilayer material with a support and a thermoregulated layer based on rare earth cobaltite or nickelate perovskites, which adjusts its optical properties to maintain a stable internal temperature below 150°C
Implementation Method 2
The multilayer material effectively reduces stagnation temperature, minimizing heat transfer fluid degradation and maintaining high energy efficiency
Data Source
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AI summary
Thermoregulated multilayer material characterized in that it comprises at least: -one substrate; -one thermoregulated layer; -said thermoregulated multilayer material having: for ʎ radiation of between 0.25 and 2 µm, an absorption coefficient α m ≥ 0.8; and, for incident ʎ radiation of between 7.5 and 10 µm, a reflection coefficient ρ m : ***≥ 0.85, when the temperature T of said multilayer material 1 is ≤ 100°C; ***between 0.3 and 0.85, when the temperature T of said multilayer material is between 0 and 400°C.