Thermocouple-Embedded Screw for Battery-Free Sensor Power

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing sensor systems, particularly those in mobile or stationary applications, face challenges with battery-powered solutions that require frequent maintenance or replacement, leading to high costs due to limited battery lifespan and the inability to use batteries in high-temperature or rotating environments.

Innovation Solution

Integration of thermocouples within screws or fasteners to harness energy from temperature differences between the screw head and tip, eliminating the need for batteries and cables by converting thermal energy into electrical energy for powering sensors and electronics.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Ease of operation

If a battery is used to power the sensor, then the sensor can operate wirelessly, but the battery has limited lifespan requiring frequent maintenance or replacement

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvewireless operationVSAvoidbattery lifespan
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSDuration of action of moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The thermocouple embedded in the screw generates electrical energy autonomously by exploiting the temperature difference between the screw head and screw tip during normal operation. This self-powered mechanism eliminates the need for external battery replacement or recharging, allowing the sensor to operate indefinitely without maintenance.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

2Adaptability or versatility

If a battery is used to power the sensor, then the sensor can function independently, but high costs are incurred due to compliance with maintenance intervals and replacement

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveindependent operationVSAvoidmaintenance costs
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSQuantity of substance

Solution Approach 1:

The thermoelectric energy harvesting system converts the temperature gradient present in the application environment into electrical energy, enabling the sensor to power itself without external battery intervention. This eliminates all costs associated with battery maintenance, replacement, and compliance with maintenance intervals.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

3Use of energy by moving object

If cables are used to supply power to the sensor, then continuous power is available, but installation complexity and wiring effort increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecontinuous power supplyVSAvoidwiring complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Use of energy by moving objectVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent extracts the power supply function from external sources (batteries or cables) and integrates it directly into the screw itself through an embedded thermocouple. This eliminates the need for separate power supply components and wiring, simplifying both installation and the overall system structure.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

4Power

If batteries are used in high-temperature or rotating environments, then power supply is provided, but batteries cannot be used due to high temperatures and environmental constraints

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepower supply capabilityVSAvoidenvironmental compatibility
Core Design Contradiction:
PowerVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces the chemical energy storage system (battery) with a thermoelectric energy conversion system (thermocouple). This substitution allows the sensor to operate in high-temperature and rotating environments where batteries would fail, as the thermocouple directly converts thermal gradients into electrical energy without chemical reactions or moving parts.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This solution provides a cost-effective, maintenance-free power supply for sensor systems, enabling continuous operation without cables or batteries, even in environments where traditional power sources are impractical, and enhances energy harvesting efficiency by leveraging temperature gradients.

Implementation Method 1

Energy supply means in the form of thermocouples enable the use of a temperature difference to generate electricity

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectThermocouple effect: Seebeck Effect

Data Source

PatentEP4204696B1Screw
Publication Date: 2024.07.31 FRAUNHOFER GESELLSCHAFT ZUR FORDERUNG DER ANGEWANDTEN FORSCHUNG EV
  • EP4204696B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4204696B1 patent drawingFigure 2a~2b
  • EP4204696B1 patent drawingFigure 3a

AI summary

The invention relates to a connecting means (10, 10', 10'', 10''', 10'''') having the following features: a power supply means in the form of at least one thermocouple (18, 18'), the at least one thermocouple (18, 18') being recessed into the connecting means (10, 10', 10'', 10''', 10'''') or a shaft (14) of the connecting means (10, 10', 10'', 10''', 10'''').