Thermoelectric Fire Evacuation Guide With Heat Pipes

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional fire scene evacuation guiding devices cannot provide real-time evacuation instructions, leading to wasted time if a person escapes in the wrong direction and returns.

Innovation Solution

A thermoelectrically-operated fire scene evacuation guiding device with a thermoelectric converter and control module, which generates electric power from heat and provides dynamic evacuation directions using indicators, including heat conductive pipes and ceramic insulating structures to extend detection range and bypass obstructions.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If conventional indication lamps are installed on escape doors or hallways to indicate predetermined escape directions, then the device structure is simple and easy to manufacture, but the device cannot provide real-time evacuation instructions and leads to wasted escape time

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveevacuation guidance accuracyVSAvoiddevice structure
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the operational parameter from static predetermined indication to dynamic real-time heat-based detection. The thermoelectric converter detects temperature differences and dynamically adjusts the indication direction based on the actual fire location, transforming the system from a fixed-parameter device to an adaptive parameter-changing device that responds to real-time thermal conditions

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The indication device is transformed into a multi-functional system that combines heat detection, thermoelectric power generation, and directional indication functions. The same device structure serves multiple purposes: detecting fire location through temperature gradients, generating operating power via thermoelectric effect, and providing real-time evacuation guidance, thereby resolving the contradiction between enhanced reliability and device complexity

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

2Reliability

If thermoelectric converter is used to detect real-time temperature differences and provide dynamic evacuation instructions, then real-time evacuation guidance is achieved, but the device requires power generation capability and becomes more complex

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvereal-time detection capabilityVSAvoidpower generation system
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The system employs self-service by using the fire scene's own thermal energy to power the indication device. The thermoelectric converter harnesses the temperature difference between the fire area and ambient environment to generate the electrical power needed for operation, making the system self-sufficient and eliminating the need for external power sources or batteries

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Solution Approach 2:

The patent converts the harmful thermal energy from the fire into a beneficial power source. The heat that represents danger and destruction is transformed through the thermoelectric effect into useful electrical energy that powers the evacuation guidance system, turning a harmful factor into a beneficial resource that enables real-time detection and guidance

Inventive Principle:
Principle #22Blessing in disguise (Convert harm into benefit)

3Measurement precision

If thermoelectric converter and heat conductive pipes are used to extend detection range and bypass obstructions, then detection accuracy is improved, but the device structure and manufacturing complexity increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetemperature detection accuracyVSAvoidassembly complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

Heat conductive pipes are introduced as intermediary elements that extend the detection range of the thermoelectric converter. These pipes conduct thermal energy from remote or obscured fire locations to the detection element, allowing accurate temperature measurement without direct line-of-sight contact and bypassing physical obstructions while maintaining detection precision

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Enables real-time evacuation instructions, reducing the risk of incorrect escape directions and eliminating the need for extra power sources by harnessing heat-generated power.

Implementation Method 1

The thermoelectric converter is electrically connected to the indicator. The thermoelectric converter includes a first detecting end and a second detecting end, and the first detecting end and the second detecting end are arranged away from each other... The fire scene evacuation guiding device is activated by the thermoelectric converter, so evacuation instructions can be given according to a real time situation at a fire scene. Furthermore, the thermoelectric converter can generate electric power from the heat at the fire scene

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectThermoelectric effect: Seebeck Effect

Implementation Method 2

each of the first detecting end and the second detecting end is thermally coupled to a heat conductive pipe

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectThermal conduction: Conduction (thermal)

Implementation Method 3

A heat conductive insulating structure is connected between each of the heat conductive pipes and each of the first detecting end and the second detecting end thermally coupled to the respective heat conductive pipes. The heat conductive insulating structure consists of a ceramic material.

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectThermal insulation: Thermal Insulation

Data Source

PatentEP3321904B1Fire scene evacuation guiding device
Publication Date: 2020.06.24 NEXCOM INTERNATIONAL CO LTD
  • EP3321904B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP3321904B1 patent drawingFigure 3~4
  • EP3321904B1 patent drawingFigure 5

AI summary

A fire scene evacuation guiding device includes an indicator (100) and a thermoelectric converter (200). The thermoelectric converter (200) is electrically connected with the indicator (100), the thermoelectric converter (200) includes a first detecting end (210) and a second detecting end (220), and the first detecting end (210) and the second detecting end (220) are arranged away from each other. The thermoelectric converter (200) can provide evacuation instructions according to a real time situation at a fire scene.