Thermoreactor Startup via Retarded Ignition Timing
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Solution Overview
Problem
During the start-up phase of a thermoreactor in an internal combustion engine, oxidizable species are emitted to a high extent before the thermoreactor reaches its operating temperature, as existing methods are inefficient in rapidly heating the system.
Innovation Solution
Retarding the ignition timing, reducing the internal combustion engine's power output, using external heat sources like electrical heating bars, and shortening the switching time of the switching-over mechanism to increase the exhaust gas temperature and residence time within the thermoreactor, thereby accelerating its temperature rise and reducing energy consumption.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Loss of time
If the thermoreactor is heated rapidly during start-up, then the operating temperature is reached faster, but additional energy input and complex heating devices are required
Solution Approach 1:
The ignition timing is retarded during the start-up phase, which changes the combustion parameters to produce higher temperature exhaust gas. This parameter change allows the thermoreactor to be heated more effectively using the existing exhaust gas energy without requiring additional heating devices or excessive energy input.
Solution Approach 2:
The power output of the internal combustion engine is dynamically reduced during start-up to increase the residence time of exhaust gas in the thermoreactor. This dynamic adjustment allows the system to optimize heat transfer efficiency and reach operating temperature faster without proportionally increasing energy consumption.
2Temperature
If the ignition timing is retarded to increase exhaust gas temperature, then the thermoreactor heats up faster, but the power output of the internal combustion engine is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The reduced power output and retarded ignition timing are applied periodically only during the start-up phase when the thermoreactor needs heating. Once the thermoreactor reaches operating temperature, the system returns to normal operation, thus limiting the power reduction to only the necessary time period.
3Loss of time
If the residence time is increased to improve thermal oxidation, then the thermoreactor reaches operating temperature faster, but the power output must be reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The power output is dynamically adjusted during the start-up phase to optimize the balance between residence time and heating efficiency. By reducing power output temporarily during start-up, the system achieves faster heating without permanently sacrificing power output capability.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The thermoreactor reaches the necessary temperature for thermal oxidation more quickly and with reduced energy investment, allowing for faster start-up and stable operation, with the reaction chamber reaching 700-800°C efficiently.
Implementation Method 1
the exhaust gas is firstly passed by way of a heat storage means generally comprising ceramic loose material or honeycomb bodies in order finally to pass into the reaction chamber
Implementation Method 2
the exhaust gas flows through a further heat storage means to the exhaust pipe
Implementation Method 3
in the reaction chamber, the exhaust gas reacts with the oxygen present, in which case carbon monoxide and unburnt hydrocarbons are oxidised to give carbon dioxide and water
Implementation Method 4
combustion gas is ignited by spark ignition in at least one cylinder of the internal combustion engine
Implementation Method 5
In operation, the flow direction is alternately altered whereby the exhaust gas is pre-heated before reaching the reaction chamber, thereby achieving an energy saving in further heating of the exhaust gas
Data Source
AI summary
A method of starting up a thermoreactor arranged in an exhaust gas flow of an internal combustion engine includes igniting combustion gas by spark ignition in at least one cylinder of the internal combustion engine. The exhaust gas resulting from the combustion of the combustion gas is fed at least partially to the thermoreactor as an exhaust gas flow. The temperature of the exhaust gas resulting from combustion of the combustion gas is increased by the moment in time of the spark ignition being selected later in comparison with a present moment in time.